Controls

Question 1

What are demand characteristics?

Answer 1

When participants change their behaviour to create desirable results after figuring out the aim of the aim of the study

Question 2

What are investigator effects?

Answer 2

Occurs when the researcher unintentionally or unconsciously influences the outcome of any research. This can be through non verbal communication, physical characteristics and bias in interpretation of data.

Question 3

What are order effects and examples?

Answer 3

The order of conditions have an effect on the participants behaviour. This only occurs in repeated measures. Examples are practice, boredom and fatigue effects.

Question 4

What is standardisation and what problem does it solve?

Answer 4

A test is made uniform and everyone is scored in the same way. It removes EVs as everything is controlled.

Question 5

What is counterbalancing and what problem does it solve?

Answer 5

Participant sample is divided in half where one half does the conditions in one order and the other half does the conditions in a different order. Removes order effects - boredom and fatigue

Question 6

What is randomisation and what problem does it solve?

Answer 6

Everyone has a random and equal chance of being selected. This can be done my picking names from a hat or using a random name generator. Removes investigator bias.

Question 7

What is a single blind and what problem does it solve?

Answer 7

Participants don’t know the details of the experiment. Removes demand characteristics.

Question 8

What is a double blind and what problem does it solve?

Answer 8

Participants and experimenters are unaware of the details of the experiment. Removes investigator effects, research bias and demand characteristics.