controlling natural population change Flashcards
What is societal population control?
Societal population control refers to creating policies to artificially alter population growth, which can be done through encouragement (e.g., incentives to have more children) or laws (e.g., China’s one-child policy, 1980).
How do governments encourage population growth?
Governments may encourage population growth through incentives like offering grants for families with children, banning contraceptives, extending maternity leave, or providing financial support. For example, France in the 1930s/40s encouraged families to have more children with such policies.
How does access to contraception and education impact birth rates?
Access to contraception and sex education allows people to control whether and when they have children, leading to lower birth rates and fertility rates.
How has the emancipation of women affected population change?
The emancipation of women, particularly women’s rights to work and their freedom to choose if and when to have children, has contributed to lower birth rates and fertility rates.
How do societal norms and the ‘ideal family’ influence population growth?
Societal norms and cultural/religious views impact the number of children in families. In some cultures, large families are seen as important, while in others, smaller families are preferred.
What is sub-replacement fertility?
Sub-replacement fertility occurs when the birth rate falls below the level needed to maintain a stable population, which can lead to population decline over time.
