aspects of demographics stage one to five Flashcards
What are the two major demographic variables in a population?
age sex
How can age-sex composition be visualized?
Through population pyramids.
What is the dependency ratio?
The proportion of dependents (typically under 18s and over 65s) to the economically active population.
What is a demographic dividend?
A situation where falling birth and death rates reduce the dependency ratio, resulting in a large workforce contributing to the economy.
During which stages of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) is a demographic dividend most likely to occur?
Stages 3 and 4.
What happens to the population in Stage 5 of the DTM?
An ageing population emerges as the more populous age group from Stage 4 grows older and becomes dependent.
What does the term “replacement level” refer to?
The population size needed to replace those getting older and sustain the economy while caring for the elderly.
What is sub-replacement fertility?
A situation where birth rates fall below the replacement level, leading to a declining population.
