Constipation Flashcards
1
Q
Causes of constipation
A
- Not enough fibre in the diet - fruit, vegetables and pulses
- Not drinking enough water
- Lack of exercise - immobile after surgery and bed ridden
- Medication - Codine , Iron, Diuretics, Antidepressants and Antacids
- Irriable bowel syndrome -Stomach pain and cramps
2
Q
What are the symptoms
A
- Not passing stool as often and it is sttraining
- At least three days where there is difficulty passing stool with hard hard stools nausea and cramps
3
Q
Treatment options
Laxative bulk-forming
A
- Serculia, Methylcellulose which are natural fibres
- Ensure faster movement in the intestine
- Works within 24-36 hours
4
Q
Treatment options
Osmotic laxatives
A
- Lactulose and macrogels which keeps fluid in the bowel or faeces which makes stool pass easier
- Takes 3 days to work binds to water and it is transported and is unchanged through the body
- Movicol Ready to Take or duphalac which is lactolose and it is not absorbed by the body
5
Q
Treatment option
Stimulat laxatives
A
- Bisacodyl, Senna and Sodium picosulfate
- Stimulates nerve ending in the bowel which promotes .less water absorbtion
- Only short term and not for children and effective for 8-12 hours
- Dulcolax and Senokot tablets
6
Q
Feacal softeners
A
- Docusate sodium and glycerin suppositories
- Lube the faeces which makes it easier to pass
- DulcoEase
7
Q
Haemorrhoids
A
- Straining to pass stool where blood vessels are swollen around the rectum
8
Q
Symptoms
Haemorroids
A
- Itching around the anus
- Discomfort and pain after opening bowels
- Anal discharge and spots of red blood after passing stool
9
Q
Causes
Haemorroids
A
- Pregnancy
- Childbirth
- Irregular eating habits
- Poor toilet habits and overwieght
10
Q
OTC remidies
Astrigents
A
- Protective layer over
- Anusol relives irritation
- Anti-inflammatory ingreedient such as hydrocortisone to reduce inflammation 18 year old and pregnant women for no longer than 7 days (Anasol plus)
11
Q
Local anaesthetics
A
- Lidocaine helps relieve pain wich causes buring and itching
- Germoloids
12
Q
Cautions
Laxitives
A
- Children should not be given laxitives unless supervised by GP
- ## Long term use of laxitives can result in severe dehydration and laxitive dependancy with internal organ damage
13
Q
Who is it for?
A
- My not be for the customer so be cautious when giving laxitives for children
14
Q
What are the symptoms?
A
- Blood in stool refer to pharmacists with severe pains
15
Q
Hoe long have the symptoms lasted for?
A
- Longer than a week could be severe underlying issue
