consonants chapter Flashcards
how are consonants produced?
usually by the coming together of two articulators
where is the sound source for consonants produced?
not always at the vocal folds: resonant or obstruent
are consonants longer or shorter in duration?
shorter
consonants are classified according to _____ in relation to a vowel
position
- prevocalic
- postvocalic
- intervocalic
what are the manners?
stop affricates fricative nasal liquids glide
what are the placements?
bilabial labiodental linguadental lingua-alveolar lingua-palatal velar glottal
what are the 3 dimensions of consonants?
voice
place of articulation
manner of articulation
what are the phonemic features of english
place
manner
voicing
changing ____ of the phonemic features of english will produce a different phoneme
one
whether or not the vocal folds are vibrating
voice
where a sound is formed
place of articulation
how it is formed
manner of articulation
pairs of sounds that have the same place and manner of articulation but differ by voicing
cognates
two phonemes that have the same manner of articulation
homotypic
how is the consonant formed
manner of articulation
complete closure of the vocal tract
stops
pressure builds up and when released it creates a ________________
stop burst, stop plosive
how many stops are there?
6 /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/
narrow constriction of the airway, causes air to escape with continuous noise
fricatives
how many fricatives are there?
9 /f/ /v/ /th/ /s/ /z/ /sh/ /3/ /h/
combination of stop and fricative; pressure builds up and is then released; only in the palatal area
affricates
how many affricates are there?
2
/tf/
/d3/