chapter 5 online material

Question 1

consonant sound classes that are normally produced with the velopharynx closed include

Answer 1

• liquids
• stops
• fricative

Question 2

production of affricates involves

Answer 2

• a narrow constriction creating noise
• a brief but total closure of the vocal tract
  following vowel

Question 3

which of the following sounds is not produced at the alveolar place of articulation?

/s/
/l/
/k/
/d/

Answer 3

/k/

Question 4

which of the following groups includes all voiced sounds?

/w, 3, k, b/
/z, l, r, d3/
/p, k, h, s/
/g, t, m, tf/

Answer 4

/z, l, r, d3/

Question 5

which of the following word pairs involves a constrast between cognate sounds?

kate–date
light–right
shoe–zoo
chump–jump

Answer 5

chump-jump

Question 6

which of the following pairs of sounds are homotypic?

/t, l/
/r, k/
/f, z/
/m, g/

Answer 6

/f, z/

Question 7

prevocalic voiceless stop consonants that include a short burst of air before voicing begins for the following vowel are said to be

Answer 7

aspirated

Question 8

fricative consonants that are produced with greater intensity compared to other fricatives are sometimes called

Answer 8

silibans

Question 9

in word-final position in english the distinction between voiced and voiceless consonants is in part based on

Answer 9

duration of the preceding vowel

Question 10

which of the following symbols represents a voiceless, palatal affricative

/3/
/tf/
/d3/
/S/

Answer 10

/tf/

Question 11

when an articulator is held in place and set into vibration by air passing over it, the result is called a

Answer 11

trill

Question 12

which of the following classes of consonants is never produced in word-final position in english

Answer 12

glides

Question 13

energy for voiceless sounds is dervied from

Answer 13

either frication or bursts

Question 14

a key feature on the spectrogram indicating consonant place of articulation is the

Answer 14

• transition between the second formant and the adjacent vowel
• noise frequency

Question 15

the time interval between the release of a stop and the beginning of voicing for the next sound is called

Answer 15

voice onset time

Question 16

place, voicing and manner are sometimes called harmonic features

Answer 16

false

Question 17

production is /s/ normally involves lateral resonance

Answer 17

false

Question 18

/t/ is cognate of /d/

Answer 18

true

Question 19

both /s/ and /n/ are homorganic with /l/

Answer 19

true

Question 20

uvular stops are part of the english consonant system

Answer 20

false

Question 21

during production of /l/ the back part of the tongue usually takes on a shape similar to that for /i/

Answer 21

false

Question 22

place of articulation of consonants is always the same regardless of what the surrounding vowels happen to be

Answer 22

false

Question 23

/S/ involves a velar place of articulation

Answer 23

false

Question 24

nasal consonants require complete blockage somewhere in the oral cavity

Answer 24

true

Question 25

english uses all possible combinations of place, manner and voicing features in its consonant system

Answer 25

false

Question 26

there is only one correct way to articulate english /r/

Answer 26

false

Question 27

all nasal consonants are usually voiced

Answer 27

true

Question 28

as the vocal tract constriction for a consonant becomes less severe (more open), the consonant looks more life a vowel on a spectrogram

Answer 28

true

Question 29

the closure phase of a stop is shown on the spectrogram as a band of darker energy

Answer 29

false

Question 30

the darker the image on the spectrogram means the sound was produced more softly

Answer 30

false