Concepts 12.1-12.3 (Physiology) Flashcards
What are the 3 main phases of the immune response?
- Recognising self vs. non-self
- Activating a response
- Destruction of the pathogen
What are defensins?
Antimicrobial peptides that work to disrupt and break apart the cell membranes of the invading pathogen
What are the physical barriers in the innate immune system?
Skin, mucous membranes, secretions
What is involved in the cellular response of the innate immune system?
- Phagocytic cells
- Antimicrobial proteins (defensins)
- Inflammatory response
- Natural killer cells
What is involved in the humoral response of acquired immunity?
Antibodies defend against infection in body fluids
What is involved in the cell-mediated response of acquired immunity?
Cytotoxic lymphocytes defend against infection in body cells
What are the innate defences in plants?
- Waxy cuticle
- epidermis
- cell wall
- trichomes
What is the function of phagocytes?
Phagocytes engulf and digest small invading pathogens or unwanted cellular debris within the body.
Where do B-cells and T–cells develop?
- Both produced by the bone marrow,
- However T-cells migrate to the thymus for maturation before release into the body.
What is the role of MHC molecules?
- MHC binds to the antigens of the foreign body
- The MHC-antigen complex activates cells of the adaptive immune system
What are the main processes of the inflammatory response
- Macrophages and mast cells detect pathogen/injury and send chemical signals
- Increased blood flow
- Phagocytes activated
- Capillaries become ‘leaky’
- Increase temp
