Component 1 Topic 2

Question 1

What are some characteristics of developing countries?

Answer 1

• High fertility and birth rates
• High death rate
• Wide base on the population pyramid

Question 2

What are some characteristics of emerging countries?

Answer 2

• Falling fertility and birth rates
• Increase in life expectancy
• Base of population pyramid starts to narrow and top grows wider

Question 3

What are some characteristics of Developed countries?

Answer 3

• Low fertility and birth rates
• Low death rate and high life expectancy
• The top of the population pyramid widens and the base gets narrower

Question 4

How can climate affect how developed a country is?

Answer 4

If a country has a poor climate (too hot, cold or dry) then not many crops will be able to grow leading to malnutrition and so a low quality of life

Question 5

How can topography affect how a country develops?

Answer 5

If the land of a country is too steep then the country isn’t able to produce a lot of food which will lead to malnutrition and a lower quality of life. It also means that it is hard to develop infrastructure which will limit trade and make it hard to provide public services

Question 6

How does education affect how a country develops?

Answer 6

If a country is more educated they have a more attractive workforce for foreign investors and trade. Educated people tend to earn more meaning that the country earns more in taxes and can spend that money developing a country

Question 7

How does health affect how developed a country is?

Answer 7

Poor healthcare and poor infrastructure e.g clean water mean that more people will become ill. This means that they will spend less time working and the government will spend more money on healthcare. This will mean that the government will lose out on more money and so will spend less on development

Question 8

How does colonialism affect development?

Answer 8

Countries that had been previously colonised have a lower level of development then they would have if they weren’t. This is because colonial powers would often remove natural resources and sell back goods at expensive prices

Question 9

How does neo-colonialism affect development?

Answer 9

Even after countries gain independence they are still somewhat controlled by other richer countries. This is because often TNCs exploit cheap labour and natural resources

Question 10

How do economic and political factors affect development?

Answer 10

• Countries with authoritarian governments can put policies for development forward without worrying about them being stopped. This can be both good and bad as it can lead to fast development but can also lead to economic crashes
• Development Under democratic governments often leads to slower development but also often means that a risk of economic crash is low
• Corrupt governments often hinder development as they take money from development projects
• Countries that have good international relations are more likely to get trade agreements and loans from more developed countries

Question 11

How does global inequality affect Education?

Answer 11

• Poorer countries can’t invest in education
• People in poorer countries can’t afford education fees and so can’t send their children to school
• Poorer Countries will then have fewer well paid jobs which will continue the cycle of poverty