COMPLEMENT Flashcards
complex system composed of more than______ proteins.
30
• Aptly named because it complements the actions of______ and _______, enhancing the_________________
antibodies and phagocytic cells
body’s ability to recognize and eliminate threats to its health.
T or F
Complement
Present in an inactive form but become activated in response to various triggers.
True
• Once activated, the complement system sets off a cascade of ________that result in several crucial immune responses.
enzymatic reactions
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
• ________series of more than______ soluble plasma proteins
• Some are enzymes or proteinases
• Major fraction of______
• Part of the_______ component of the Innate I.S
• Participates in the________
Heat -labile ; 30
beta globulins
humoral
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
• Interacts in a specific way to enhance_______
• First described by_______; further studied by_______ and realize that the complement system was a complex cascade of proteins, and it was subsequently divided into pathways
host defense
Paul Ehrlichs
Jules Bordet
• Major role of complement
•
Promotes OPSONIZATION, CHEMOTAXIS and CELL LYSIS
NOMENCLATURE
• Named with a capital C and a number:
• Ex.
C1, C2…C9
NOMENCLATURE
• Small letter after the number:
• Ex.______
• Indicates that the protein is smaller portion of a large precursor as a result of_______ by proteases
C4b, C4a
cleavage
• Larger fragment: indicated by small letter “_____”
• Smaller fragment: indicated by small letter “_____”
b
a
NOMENCLATURE
Exception of the rule:
•______ fragments
• “a” fragment =_____
• “b” fragment =_____
C2
LARGER
SMALLER
There are____ major Complement components involve in the activation
9
COMPLEMENT
• Most are produced in the_____ Except:
•_____-produced by intestinal epithelial cells
•_____ - produced by adipose tissues
LIVER
C1
Factor D
: additional sources of: C1, C2, C3, and C4
• Macrophages and Monocytes
The rest of the components
• Acts as stabilizers and control proteins, and proteases.
ex.
Properdin, Factor H, Factor I