Comp exam prep Social & Cultural foundations 1

Question 1

When a counselor asks a client about prejudicial attitudes towards ethnic minorities, he responds that he doesn’t really care about being prejudiced. In fact prejudicial attitudes “make those people easier to understand.” This statement reflects which of the following explanations for prejudice?

• social learning
• information processing
• social conflict
• authoritarian personality

Answer 1

information processing

Question 2

A client needs to take gradually increasing doses of valium for stress management. The counselor reasons that the need for more valium is __________?

• tolerance
• addiction
• psychological dependence
• physical dependence

Answer 2

tolerance

Question 3

When a social group shares patterns of behavior and social norms they are called:

• peer group
• social class
• culture
• society

Answer 3

culture

Question 4

The process a person goes through to acquire social and occupational roles is called

• personalization
• encapsulation
• maturation
• socialization

Answer 4

socialization

Question 5

A client who believes in the superiority of one cultural group over another is exhibiting

• relativism
• racism
• segregation
• pluralism

Answer 5

racism

Question 6

The melting pot theory stresses the amalgamation of cultural groups but the __________ theory stresses cultural groups holding onto their uniqueness while coexisting effectively

• separate but equal segregation
• checkerboard
• salad bowl
• garden

Answer 6

salad bowl

Question 7

Approaches to counseling that focus primarily on ________ aspects of the individual’s functioning are ineffective with many minority group members.

• intrapsychic
• humanistic
• systemic
• holistic

Answer 7

intrapsychic

Question 8

In multicultural counseling, the counselor should assess the extent to which the client

• is aware of cultural differences
• respects the counselor’s culture
• is full of stereotypical views
• is culturally bound

Answer 8

is culturally bound

Question 9

The minority group growing numerically at the fastest rate in American is

• African-Americans
• Asian Americans
• Hispanic Americans
• Native Americans

Answer 9

Hispanic Americans

Question 10

The process by which minority groups take on the ways of the dominant culture is called

• integration
• assimilation
• immigration
• encapsulation

Answer 10

assimilation

Question 11

If you compare African American males with African American females, the males have

• higher rates of employment but lower average pay
• lower rates of employment and lower rates of pay
• About the same rates of employment but lower average pay
• higher rates of unemployment

Answer 11

higher rates of unemployment

Question 12

An approach to counseling that is culture-centered and stresses understanding the culture from within is called

emic
etic
systemic
encapsulated

Answer 12

emic

Question 13

If a counselor attends to a member of a cultural group by noticing their culturally patterned tone, loudness of speaking, inflections and rate of speaking, he or she is attending to

• proxemics
• paralinguistic features
• kinesics
• discourse

Answer 13

paralinguistic features

Question 14

The belief that the individual takes precedence over group belonging and that people should be treated on individual basis is called

• meritocracy
• cultural embeddedness
• cultural relativity
• racism

Answer 14

meritocracy

Question 15

People generally form their opinions of individuals that they do not know very well in the basis of

• identification
• projection
• observed behaviors
• stereotypes

Answer 15

stereotypes

Question 16

In Adorno’s theory of racist personality structures, those who were most likely to be racist had a personality that featured

• introversion
• authoritarianism
• relativism
• cognitive dissonance

Answer 16

authoritarianism

Question 17

In the theory of cultural identity development which of the following is likely to PRECEDE angry rejection of aspects of the dominant culture
-the effort to assimilate
-integration of chosen aspects of both minority and dominant
cultures
-experiences of cultural recognition
-depression

Answer 17

the effort to assimilate

Question 18

Efforts to reduce the incidence of spouse abuse have struggled to overcome a major assumption that is shared by many males and females. It is that
-what happens in the home is a private family matter
-women usually provoke their husbands to hit them
-it’s one person’s word against another
-spouse abuse occurs mainly among people of lower socio-
economic status

Answer 18

what happens in the home is a private family matter

Question 19

In Hispanic American families role conflict may be experienced if

• the male is employed and the female is unemployed
• the child is required to translate into Spanish for her parents
• the wife believes in sex-role equality
• the male is unemployed and the female is employed

Answer 19

the male is unemployed and the female is employed

Question 20

Which of the following may be expected in a Native American client with regard to time orientation?

• Stress on the importance of punctuality
• Long-term planning is regarded as egotistical
• Life should be lived with a view to the past
• Things should get done according to deadlines

Answer 20

Long-term planning is regarded as egotistical