Communicating With You Baby

Question 1

Communication with a new born?

1) How does the baby communicate
2) How should the parent communicate

Answer 1

1) - born with the ability to cry 😭
- crying : main method of communicating.
- through cried the baby let’s the caregivers know that something is wrong.
- according to the need the cries are expressed differently, knowing the different patterns of a baby’s cries is rewarding and strengthens the bond.
- also cry when they are overly stimulated to shut the stimuli out.
- have the ability to distinguish human voice and other sounds.
- pays attention to parents’ voices and associate the voices with care affection and warmth.

2) - baby’s learn through hearing and touching mostly.
- human voice is of vital importance to the baby’s development.
- should often speak to the baby though they don’t understand
- communication with a newborns is a matter of meeting their needs.
- the comforting touch, stroking, kissing and the soothing calm reassuring voice lets the child feel worthy and important.
- parents should be concerned about any unusual cries of the baby

Question 2

Communication with a 1-2 year old

1) how does the baby communicate ?
2) how should the parents communicate?

Answer 2

1) language development springs at this stage ➡️ uses
🔴 language though not fluently
🔴gestures to communicate.

• speaks the first world around one year of age. (Time can differ: sooner or later)
• will have learnt fragments of dozen of words
• at 2, combine 2 words and form sentences.
• able to understand almost everything told to him though cant express at the same rate
• develops certain concepts. Saying ‘no’ all the time displaying authority. A possessiveness emerges with the usage of ‘mine’

2) - using correct names of places people and things instead of baby terms.
- using running commentary : you want juice. What do you want. ( when babies use gestures describe the action for him)
- encourage playing opportunities
- reading to the child
- not correcting mispronunciations

Question 3

Communication with a 2-3 year old

1) How do children communicate
2) how should parents communicate

Answer 3

1) Children absorb info from daily conversations and experiences.
- uses language to communicate.
- understand everything said to them
- ask a lot of questions
- put together 2-3 words to speak
- 150-300 words in voc.

2)- talking to the toddler.
-opportunity to play.
-reading to them.
Providing increased listening opportunities.

Question 4

Family dynamics

1) How does birth order affect the functioning way children function with in family and peers.
2) How does divorce make and impact on children
3) what does research say about families of western culture (USA)

Answer 4

1)
first borns
-High achievers
- want to please parents in the presence if another sibling being the good one.
-if futile, attracts negative attention rebelling against.
-enter careers that are traditional and full if responsibilities.

Middle

• often lost in a shuffle when the family is busy
• tries to snatch away the attention of parent on other siblings.
• can interact appropriately with younger or older children.
• peacemaker of the family
• go for careers away from the public eyes
• join service work mostly.

Youngest

• often cosseted as the baby
• experience special treatment: more relaxed rules fewer expectations
• often not taken seriously
• trouble adjusting to workforce being used to a sheltered life.

2) the psychological problems dues to divorce are caused by the atmosphere before and following to the divorce.
- 4 facts determine the severity of the problem
•bond with each parent before the divorce
•extent to which the parents are willing to commit
•bond with the children after the divorce
•intensity of the conflicts and how long it lasted.

Boys - react with more external reactions : failure in school work
Girls- react with depression, and internalized physical réponses ( like headaches), become withdrawn, changes in habits.

Serious impact of divorce
+ economic impact- parents should expenses
+parental loss- quality relationship with the Un custodian parent is essential (if not the child negatively rebels to attract attention)

3)
•in families where parents are affectionate towards each other children develop affection like wise also towards peers
• when the age gap between siblings is 3 yes or less the sibling are much closer if now not so much
• girls are more closer to siblings that boys.
•However brothers and sister start to become close during mid adolescence.
•during family crisis siblings become closer, creating a miniature family unit. Seeking each other for emotional strength.
•parents who engage with children’s activity have closer bonds with children, children open up them feel confidence in them.

Question 5

Applied child psychology
Why?

How to build self esteem?

Answer 5

Theoretical knowledge of child psychology

• helps to understand the behaviors and issues of children and adolescence.
• knowledge can be practically used when raising children.

How to improve cognitive development

• providing rich language environment.
• encouraging interactive activities
• encouraging play
• reading opportunities
• avoiding high restrictive and structured environments.
• expanding activities in their fav toy and topics.
• using math with everyday interaction (in songs)
• answering questions

Family is the single most important unit that can build up self esteem in the child?

Self esteem- how one feels about one’s self.

Wats to foster self esteem
- descriptive praise
-avoid empty praise
-using ‘I’ in statements when correcting them
(For they feel they are contributing to someone)
- avoiding absolues like always and never
( sense of insufficiency of one’s self is conveyed especially when used with criticism)
-encouraging new activities.