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A4 Canine Medicine > Common Poisoning in Dogs > Flashcards

Common Poisoning in Dogs Flashcards

1
Q

Most common over the counter strength of Ibuprofen:

A

200 mg

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2
Q

Why do some owners administer ibuprofen to their dogs?

A

Pain control

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3
Q

Give the different systems affected by ibuprofen overdose to dogs:

A

GI, Renal, CNS

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4
Q

Give the dose of ibuprofen that can lead to GI problems and ulceration

A

25 mg/kg

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5
Q

How many mg/kg of ibuprofen can risk a dog to developing acute renal failure?

A

175 mg/kg

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6
Q

3 clinical manifestation of a dog after ingestion of 250 mg/kg ibuprofen

A

Vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain

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7
Q

What will be the effects if a dog ingested 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen?

A

CNS effects (depression, seizures, coma)

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8
Q

Give at least three gastrointestinal protectants that can be used as part of treatment to ibuprofen toxicosis in dogs

A

H2 blockers
Sucralfate
Misoprostol

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9
Q

What are the two types of methylxanthine present in chocolate that is toxic to dogs?

A

Theobromine
Caffeine

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10
Q

How many mg/oz of methylxanthine does milk chocolate have?

A

60 mg/oz

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11
Q

How many mg/oz of methylxanthine does dark chocolate contain?

A

150 mg/oz

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12
Q

How many mg/oz of methylxanthine does baking chocolate contain?

A

450 mg/oz

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13
Q

What are some cardiovascular effects of chocolate to dogs?

A

Tachycardia
Arrhythmia
Hypertension or hypotension

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14
Q

Dogs ingesting 20 mg/kilogram of methylxanthine will show signs of:

A

Hyperactivity
Agitation
Restlessness

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15
Q

What will be the effects if your dog ingested a chocolate containing 40 mg per kilogram of methylxanthine?

A

Cardio toxicosis

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16
Q

How many mg/kg of chocolate will result to severe CNS signs such as tremors and seizures?

A
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17
Q

Dogs ingesting chocolates may cause vomiting and diarrhea regardless of the amount due to this contents:

A

High fat and sugar content

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18
Q

How long is the half life of theobromine in dogs?

A

17.5 hrs

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19
Q

How long is the half life of caffeine in dogs?

A

4.5 hrs

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20
Q

Enumerate two beta blockers which may alleviate tachycardia in dogs ingesting chocolate

A

Propranolol
Metoprolol

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21
Q

Enumerate the three main types of rodenticide that contain anticoagulants

A

Diphacinone
Brodifacoum
Warfarin

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22
Q

The enzyme inhibited by anticoagulant rodenticide which can block vitamin k dependent clotting factors

A

2,3-epoxide reductase enzyme

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23
Q

How many days after rodenticide ingestion will result to coagulopathy?

A

3-5 days

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24
Q

This rodenticide may cause vacuolization and severe spongiosis of the white matter within the CNS and cerebral edema:

A

bromethalin-containing rodenticide

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25
How many mg/kg of bromethalin will result to convulsant syndrome?
2.3 mg/kg and up
26
Drugs administered during therapy of rodenticide poisoning to address cerebral edema and seizures:
Corticosteroid Furosemide Mannitol Diazepam
27
How many days will you administer Vit K1 to dogs suffering from rodenticide poisoning?
14-30 days
28
How many hours will you monitor serum Ca2+ & P concentration of a dog suffering from cholecalciferol-containing rodenticide ingestion?
72-96 hours
29
Preferred agent in treating cholecalciferol toxicosis in dogs after ingestion?
Pamidronate
30
How many hours will the clinical signs appear after acetaminophen ingestion?
14 hours after ingestion
31
Effects of acetaminophen toxicity:
Liver damage Methemoglobinemia
32
What will you observe in the mucus membrane of dogs after acetaminophen ingestion?
Cyanosis
33
Give at least 5 symptoms present in dogs after acetaminophen ingestion:
Dark urine Enlarge abdomen Polyuria Polydipsia Discolored feces
34
Other than N-acetylcysteine, what are other drugs given for acetaminophen toxicity treatment?
Liver protectants Vitamin C
35
This is the sympathomimetiic drug structurally similar to amphetamines present in some cold medications:
pseudoephedrine
36
How many mg/kg of pseudoephedrine can cause life-threatening signs in dogs?
10-12 mg/kg
37
Agitation and hyperactivity caused by pseudoephedrine are best controlled with:
acepromazine
38
How many hours can symptoms induced by pseudoephedrine last?
72 hours
39
Give at least 3 effects of bleach inhalation exposure to dogs:
Irritation Coughing Bronchospasm
40
Which NSAIDs has the narrowest margin of safety in dogs, making acute toxicosis common?
Ibuprofen
41
Ibuprofen overdose in dogs can manifest in which organ systems?
Gastrointestinal, Renal, Central Nervous System
42
What is the primary treatment for acute ibuprofen toxicosis in dogs?
Induction of emesis, activated charcoal, GI protectants, and diuresis
43
Which type of chocolate contains the highest concentration of methylxanthines?
Baking chocolate
44
What are the primary cardiovascular effects of chocolate ingestion in dogs?
Tachycardia, hypertension, or hypotension, arrhythmias
45
Which methylxanthines present in chocolate has a longer half-life in dogs, contributing to prolonged clinical signs?
Theobromine
46
What is the primary concern with ingesting ant and roach baits in dogs?
Gastrointestinal upset and foreign body obstruction
47
Which of the following insecticides is NOT commonly found in ant and roach baits? a) Boric acid b) Avermectin c) Organophosphates d) Fipronil
Organophosphates
48
Which rodenticide types poses the greatest risk of coagulopathy in dogs?
Anticoagulant rodenticides
49
What is the mechanism of action of anticoagulant rodenticides?
Inhibition of vitamin K-dependent clotting factor synthesis
50
What is the primary treatment for anticoagulant rodenticide ingestion in dogs?
Vitamin K1 therapy
51
Describe the clinical signs associated with bromethalin ingestion in dogs:
Tremors, seizures, weakness, and paralysis
52
What is the primary target organ system affected by cholecalciferol-containing rodenticides?
Renal system
53
What is the primary toxic effect of acetaminophen in dogs?
Hepatotoxicity and methemoglobinemia
54
What is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity in dogs?
N-acetylcysteine
55
Pseudoephedrine, found in some cold medications, acts primarily on which systems?
Cardiovascular and Central Nervous System
56
The common clinical sign of pseudoephedrine ingestion in dogs:
Agitation and hyperactivity
57
What is the recommended initial treatment for bleach ingestion in dogs?
Oral dilution with milk or water
58
Give a common clinical sign of fertilizer ingestion in dogs:
Gastrointestinal irritation
59
Hydrocarbon ingestion in dogs poses a significant risk of which complication?
Aspiration pneumonia
60
Emesis is generally contraindicated in cases of which type of ingestion? a) Ibuprofen b) Hydrocarbons c) Chocolate d) Anticoagulant rodenticides
Hydrocarbons

A4 Canine Medicine (13 decks)

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