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Academy > Common Patient Medications > Flashcards

Common Patient Medications Flashcards

1
Q

Anticoagulants medications

A 
Xarelto
Pradaxa
Eliquis
Coumadin
Heparin
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2
Q

Anticoagulant function

A

Prevents clot formations
Reduces likelihood of clots enlarging
Prevent first or recurrent occlusive events
No thromboyltic effect (not clot busters)

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3
Q

What is the difference between coumadin and xarelto, pradaxa, eliquis and heparin?

A

Xarelto, pradaxa, eliquis and heparin target a specific clotting mechanism while coumadin is difficult to regulate.

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4
Q

Platelet aggregate inhibitors medications

A 
Aspirin
Plavix (clopidogrel)
Effient (prasugrel)
Brilinta (ticagrelor)
"grel"
DAPT-asa+P2Y12 inhibitor, MI stents, CABG (coronary artery bypass graft)
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5
Q

Platelet aggregate inhibitors purpose

A

Prevent recurrent clotting
Prevent clot englargement
Decrease likelihood of plaque build up
No thrombolytic effect

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6
Q

“grel” is associated with

A

antiplatelete

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7
Q

Angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor medications

A 
Zestril (lisinopril)
Lotensin (benzapril)
Capoten (captopril)
Vasotec (enalapril)
"pril"
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8
Q

“pril” is associated with

A

Angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor

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9
Q

Angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor function

A

Lowers levels of angiotensin II which leads to vasodilation

Treats hypertension and heart failure

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10
Q

How to Angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor work?

A

Way to regulate blood pressure is through kidneys. If BP drops, kidneys release renin. Renin seeks out angiotensinogen. ACE is floating around and does not like angiotensinogen. Renin grabs angiontensinogen and changes it into angiotenion I. ACE likes angiotension I. Angiotension I meets up with ACE and becomes angiotension II. Goes to walls of vessels where there are receptors which cause vasoconstriction which leads to an increase in BP. If have high BP, can get medication to inhibit ACE. ACE and angiotension I are less likely to make angiotenion II and prevents vasoconstriction

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11
Q

Angiotension II receptor blocker (ARBs) medication

A 
Atacand (candesartan)
Cozaar (Losartan)
Diovan (Valsartan)
Micardis (telmisartan)
"sartan"
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12
Q

Sartan is associated with

A

Angiotension II receptor blocker (ARBs)

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13
Q

Angiotension II receptor blocker (ARBs) function

A

Competitive inhibitor for angiotension II
Hypertension and heart failure
Sits on receptor of the vessels blocking angiotension II so vasodilate

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14
Q

Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNIs) medication

A

Entresto (sacubitril+valsartan)

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15
Q

What is neprilysin?

A

Enzyme that breaks down naturally occuring vasodilators. So ARNI inhibits neprilysin so will continue to vasodilate

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16
Q

ARNIs are used in conjunction with ___. Blocking the vasoconstriction and stopping the vasodilators from breaking down.

A

ARBs

17
Q

Beta adrenergic blocking agents (beta blockers) medications

A 
Tenormin (atenolol)
Lopressor, Toprol (metoprolol)
Inderal (propranolol)
Corgard (nadolol)
"olol"
18
Q

Beta adrenergic blocking agents function

A

Negative chronotrope and inotrope
Treatment of hypertension, dysrhythmia, angina (takes load off the heart)
Reduce risk of recurrent MI

19
Q

“olol” is associated with

A

Beta adrenergic blocking agents

20
Q

Calcium channel blocker medications

A

Norvasc (amiodipine)
Cardizem (diltiazem)
Calan (verapamil)
Procardia (nifedipine)

21
Q

Calcium channel blocker function

A

Interrupts movement of Ca into cells of heart and vessels
Negative inotrope vasodilation
Treat hypertension, angina, arrhythmias
If can block mechanism by which calcium from getting into cells, reduce “omph” of the heart
Drugs block calcium, reduce “omph” and cause vasodilation

22
Q

Diuretics medication

A

Lasix (furosemide-loop)
Diuril (chlorothiazide)
Hydrodiuril (HCTZ)-Thiazides-diuretic+vasodilation
Aldactone (spirolactone-K sparing)

23
Q

Diuretics function

A

Makes you pee

Hypertension, heart failure, fluid retention

24
Q

Loop diuretics

A

Have effect on the loop of Henley. If want to get rid of water, want to stop sodium from being absorbed. Stops re-absorption of sodium at certain points. Loop diuretics for example, at the loop of Henley

25
Q

Potassium sparing diuretics

A

Block sodium but spare potassium

26
Q

Vasodilators

A

Alpha blockers
Antiaginal
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors

27
Q

Alpha blockers treat

A

Hypertension

28
Q

Alpha blocker medications

A

Cardura (doxazosin mesylate)
Minipress (prazosin HCI)
Hytrin (terazosin HCI)

29
Q

“zosin” is associated with

A

Alpha blockers

30
Q

Antiaginal medications

A

Nitrates
Isordil (isosorbide)
Minoxidil

31
Q

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors

A

Viagra

32
Q

Cholesterol lowering medications

A

Lipitor
Crestor
Advicor
“statins”

33
Q

Digitalis preparations function

A 
Positive inotrope ("omph") and dromotrope (conductivity)
Heart failure; A fib
34
Q

Digitalis preparations medications

A

Lanoxin (digoxin, digitoxin)

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