Cold War review

Question 1

Explain why the invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 worsened relations between the USA and the USSR

Answer 1

• Some Americans thought it was the Soviets trying to win the Cold War.
• Reagan supplied the Mujahideen with weapons including Stinger Missiles.
• Strategic position of Afghanistan meant interests of both superpowers were threatened.

Question 2

The Trials in which Senator McCarthey accused the U.S. Army of harboring possible communists.These trials were one of the first televised trials in America, and helped show America Senator McCarthy’s irresponsibility and meanness

Answer 2

Army-McCarthey hearings

Question 3

what was the name for gorbachev’s policy calling for restructuring of government and the economy?

• de-staliniation
• glasnost
• price setting
• perestroika

Answer 3

perestroika

Question 4

son of North Korean dictator Kim Jong Il, and his successor (current leader)

Answer 4

kim jong un

Question 5

characteristics of global north

Answer 5

developing countries

Question 6

organization that acts as security force

Answer 6

nato - north atlantic treaty organization

Question 7

yugoslavian leader who set up a communist government and whose death began the breakup of the state

• leonid brezhnev
• alexander dubcek
• josip tito
• lech walsea

Answer 7

josip tito

Question 8

khrushchev’s policy of freeing political prisoners and easing censorship

• glasnost
• de-stalinization
• perestroika
• censorship

Answer 8

de-stalinization

Question 9

US president to lift Vietnamese embargo 1993

Answer 9

bill clinton

Question 10

civil war that broke out in late 1990s

Answer 10

yugoslavia

Question 11

imaginary wall that seperated communists and capitalist states

Answer 11

iron curtain

Question 12

president during part of the cold war and the cuban missile crisis. he was the president who went on tv and told the public about the crisis and allowed the leader of the soviet uinon to withdraw their missiles. also during his terms was the building of the berlin wall and the space race , 1961-1963

Answer 12

John F Kennedy

Question 13

trail used by VIET CONG DURING THE VIETNAM WAR

Answer 13

ho chi minh trail

Question 14

ruled with n. korea until death

Answer 14

kim jong II (until 2000)

Question 15

a thin band of territory across the Korean peninsula separating North Korean Forces from the South Korean Forces; established by the armistice of 1953

Answer 15

demilitarized zone in korea

Question 16

democratically elected Russian leader that brought the Cold War to an end

Answer 16

boris yeltsin

Question 17

what city in vietnam fell in 1975 to end the war?

Answer 17

saigon

Question 18

social process of neutralizing the influence of Joseph Stalin by revising his policies and removing monuments dedicated to him and renaming places named in his honor

Answer 18

de stalinization policy

Question 19

this term was to describe soviet and east germany economy during 70s

Answer 19

stagination

Question 20

what nations made up the former yugoslavia?

Answer 20

• Slovenia
• Croatia
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Montenegro
• Republic of Macedonia
• Serbia

Question 21

during the war in sarajevo, _____ practiced ethnic cleansing

= communist party

• serbian troops
• terrified civilians
• soviet troops

Answer 21

serbian troops

Question 22

event that caused crisis of morale

Answer 22

afghan war

Question 23

What is the role of the world bank in the world?

Answer 23

to make loans to countries for economic development, trade promotion, and debt consolidation. Its formal name is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. An agency of the United Nations.

Question 24

what new challenges did west Germany face after reunification?

Answer 24

• higher taxes
• had new leaders
• economic hardships and social disarray were made worse by dramatic rise in organized crime

Question 25

largest group in yugoslavia

Answer 25

serbians

Question 26

why did the cold war end?

Answer 26

The Cold War ended because there was peace made with the US and Russia and because the USSR collapsed

Question 27

causes of the korean war

Answer 27

* japanese occupation * korean nationalism * communism vs. capitalism * division of korea * ambitions of kim and rhee * north korea's invasion of the south

Question 28

characteristics of global south

Answer 28

countries that are wealthy, democratic, and technologically innovative.

Question 29

son of Kim Il Sung, became ruler of North Korea after his father's death. He developed nuclear weapons.

Answer 29

kim jong II

Question 30

who was the first elected russian president

Answer 30

boris yeltsin

Question 31

what were the causes of the cold war?

Answer 31

AMERICAN VIEW -Stalin didn't keep the agreements he had made with the Western Allies about holding free elections after the war in countries occupied by the Soviet Army. -This scared the West, who believed that Stalin would try to take over the world by force - Communist ideology clearly stated Communism would inevitably take over the entire world eventually, by force if necessary RUSSIAN VIEW -The Americans didn't tell Stalin about the Manhattan Project, the building of the A- bomb. After using A-bombs successfully against Japan, USA refused to share the technology with USSR. -This scared the Russians, who thought USA may start a new war, against them, using A-bombs.

Question 32

saigon fell to \_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 32

vietnamese

Question 33

leader of solidarity union in poland; eventually elected president of poland * lech walsea * imre nagy * josip tito * alexander dubcek

Answer 33

lech walsea

Question 34

What is the role of IMF in the world?

Answer 34

acts as a lender of last resort, providing loans to troubled nations, and also works to promote trade through financial cooperation

Question 35

* Soviet leader from 1955- 1964; had the policy of "de-stalinization"; wanted a "peaceful coexistence" with the west; warsaw pact; sputnik; Berlin wall built; U-2 spy plan, Cuban Missile crisis * leader of Russia during the Cuban Missile Crisis

Answer 35

Nikita Khrushchev

Question 36

during cold war the main goal of politians in this country was to stop the spread of communism

Answer 36

united states

Question 37

why was the berlin wall built?

Answer 37

to prevent East Germans from escaping to democrate West Berlin and to keep East and West Berlin seperated

Question 38

Korean leader who became president of South Korea after World War II and led Korea during Korean War.

Answer 38

syngman rhee

Question 39

What were problems that Germany faced as a newly unified country?

Answer 39

Unmodernized railroads, highways, and telephones

Question 40

first freely elected president of russia in 2000 * boris yeltsin * vladimir putin * dmitri medvedev * mikhail gorbachev

Answer 40

vladimir putin

Question 41

trail used by vietnamese during cold war

Answer 41

hoc trail

Question 42

city that fell to north vietnamese ending the war

Answer 42

saigon

Question 43

Last leader of USSR. Eases up on restrictions. Makes reforms "glasnost" and "perestroika" to fix internal weaknesses. wanted reforms to shift from planned econ. to market econ. , change from one party to multi party state, change from Russian dominate empire to equal republics, faced huge problems. in foreign affairs cut defense budgets and promotes democratization of E. European nations. wins nobel peace prize for helping end communism (was not his goal at all and did not expect it to happen)

Answer 43

mikhail gorbachev

Question 44

* Reagan and Gorbachev * First major disarmament treaty (1987 - end of Reagan Administration) * Reduce number of weapons * "Value in Reducing Arms"

Answer 44

INF treaty

Question 45

Explain how the cold war was a catalyst for the conflicts in Korea, Vietnam, Cuba and Cambodia.

Answer 45

* Korea - North Korea was communist and South Korea was a republic. The Soviet Union backed the North since they wanted communism to grow while the US helped the South to make democracy more wide spread. Both the US and Soviet Union wanted to win for political and economic reasons. * Vietnam - The Soviet Union was helping North Vietnam in order to spread communism and to gain more power. Since the US did not want this to happen they stepped in and helped the South. Many Americans did not want to be involved in this war but the government wanted to have more power and so they started the draft and sent many troops that died. * Cuba - The US felt that since cuba is so close to florida it should be similar to the US government. Castro overthrew the government and felt that the US interests in his country should not be allowed. the US did not like this so they did not allow goods to be brought into cuba and decided to attack. the US was shocked when they were defeated. the Soviet Union became one of cuba's biggest supporters. * Cambodia - Cambodia was unfortunately brought into the war because the US bombed their country to try to defeat the Veit Cong troops that were located there.

Question 46

line that officially divides n & s korea at 35th parallel

Answer 46

DMZ demilitarized zone

Question 47

38th parallel

Answer 47

Latitudinal line that divided Communist North Korea and Democratic South Korea; established after the Korean War. The north surrendered to the Soviet Union and the south surrendered to the US. Twho nations developed as a result.

Question 48

what was gorbachev's policy calling for openess in discussing the soviet union's problems - de-stalinization - glasnost - command control - perestroika

Answer 48

glasnost

Question 49

how did the cold war end?

Answer 49

1. In the late 1980's Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev initiated a series of Summit meeting s with President Ronald Reagan. 2. Gorbachev's reforms led many soviets citizens to demand more freedoms and an immediate move to capitalism. 3. Throughout the late 80's there eastern European nations had movements against their Communist governments. The Soviet Union did not stop them. 4. Gorbachev and President Bush held a summit meeting at Malta and negotiated important reductions in intermediate range nuclear weapons. 5. Late in 1989 there was a coup in the Soviet Union. Hard line soviet leaders held Gorbachev hostage. He was "rescued by Boris Yeltsin. The Berlin Wall came down and the Cold War was over. 6. The Soviet Union broke up into many smaller ethnic nationalities. Some remained together in a loose confederation called the "Russian Confederation." Boris Yeltsin became the Premier of Russia, a capitalist country with a more or less democratic form of government. 7. The Soviet Union no longer existed and thus no longer controlled Eastern Europe. In 1990 West Germany and East Germany unified.

Question 50

solidarity leader who became the president of Poland after they swept away the elections

Answer 50

lech walsea

Question 51

what was the one way yeltsin tried to resolve russia's economic problems in the 1990s * by refusing western aid * by privatizing most state run industries * by removing gorbachev from office * by ending glasnost

Answer 51

by privatizing most state run industries

Question 52

non communist leader of south korea

Answer 52

rhee

Question 53

first treaty to establish limits on the number of nuclear weapons held by the United States and the Soviet Union.

Answer 53

SALT treaty

Question 54

Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as president of the Soviet Union in December 1991 because...

Answer 54

the U.S.S.R. was dissolved in Dec 1991

Question 55

Soviet leader after Khrushchev who started a policy of detente with the US

Answer 55

leonid brezhnev

Question 56

which of the following was a problem caused by communism in the soviet union? * low output of goods * high rent * overabundant food crops * lack of health care

Answer 56

low output of goods

Question 57

what was the importance of the Ho Chi Minh trail?

Answer 57

provided the Vietminh a safe way to transfer supplies and arms to the Vietcong because the US could not attack the trail since it is mainly in Laos and Cambodia

Question 58

Yeltsin's successor chosen in 2000 and then re-elected in 2004. He maintained free markets in the economic sphere but re-established semi-authoritarian political rule. Under his rule the Russian economy boomed, the middle class expanded rapidly, and he was supported by the Russian Parliament. protected Yeltsin and his family from prosecution for corruption

Answer 58

vladimir putin

Question 59

what does world bank organization do?

Answer 59

provide loans

Question 60

this was created to stop the east from fleeing to the west

Answer 60

berlin wall

Question 61

What was divided at the 38th parallel?

Answer 61

north and south korea

Question 62

united states used cuban rebels to topel the cuban government

Answer 62

bay of pigs

Question 63

US Attorney General from 1961-1964 under his brother JFK

Answer 63

robert kennedy

Question 64

* Wisconsin senator who claimed to have list of communists in American government, but no credible evidence. he took advantage of fears of communism post WWII to become incredibly influential * senator who encouraged the red scare in the US

Answer 64

Joseph McCarthy

Question 65

why did problems in eastern europe specifially the balkan region, lead to war at the begining and end of the century

Answer 65

* There were many different ethinic groups, cultures and religions in the Balkan region during the beginning and end of the century. * Many different nations made up this area and their location was very important to the European powers. * The region had a lot of violence and tensions were high from the different ethnic groups and nationalist people. * There were two wars here due to the Serbian groups seeking power and wanting an ethnic cleansing. * There was also a war towards the end of the century in Yugoslavia between the Serbs and Bosnian Muslims because the Serbs wanted to have another ethnic cleansing. * After this war, the country fell apart and became many different countries.