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chapter 28 review Flashcards

1
Q

name of army who supported leaders of czar

A

white army

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2
Q

what did new soviet flag stand for

A

was red and gold flag

hammer = factory workers

sickle = farmers

star = communism

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3
Q

stalin’s early goals

A
  • to create an industrial giant - strick command economy
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4
Q

lenin’s plan for taking over banks

A

war communism

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5
Q

promises made by bolshevik party in 1917

A

peace, and and bread

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6
Q

what were the seeds for the cold war

A

US was scared of Russia and Russia was scared of US. Stalin didn’t keep the agreements he made with the western allies about holding free elections. This scared the west who thought that communists would take over the world. Russia didn’t trust the US because US didn’t tell them about a-bombs. Russians were scared that the US would use the a-bombs on them.

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7
Q

country to help white army during civil war

A

united states

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8
Q

army who supported leaders of czar

A

white army

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9
Q

role of orthodox church after 1921

A

nonexistant

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10
Q

people who would lose chains according to communist manifesto?

A

proletariats

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11
Q

city that became home to russian govt

A

moscow

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12
Q

which of the following best describes stalin’s collectivations?

A

disastrous

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13
Q

one result of great purge

A

increase stalin’s power

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14
Q

lenin’s new economic plan and its effects

A
  • wanted to end civil war - started rebuilding state and economy - didn’t want to do war communism - small businesses allowed to open for profit - stopped taking grain from peasants - goal to improve standard of living - controlled money, transportation, foreign and communication - brought rapid economic recovery, industries and agriculture prospered
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15
Q

read the words of karl marx, spread marxist ideas, worked with leon trotsky

A

vladimir lenin

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16
Q

what does ussr stand for

A

union of soviet socialist republic

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17
Q

reforms made by czars between 1915 and 1916

A

too few

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18
Q

10 points of communist manifesto

A
  • no private ownership of land - heavy progressive income tax - no rights of inheritance - free public education - abolish child factory labor - equal liability of all to labor - various state roles in manufacturing, banking, transportation, planning and communication
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19
Q

turned soviet union into a modern industrial power, goal was to create an industrial giant, forced peasants to give up private lands and to live on either state owned farms or collectives

A

stalin

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20
Q

illiterate peasant and self proclaimed, influenced by alexandra, killed by people who feared the monarchy, killed on December 29, 1916

A

gregory rasputin

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21
Q

russian revolutionary and communist theorist, helped lenin build up the army, commander of the red army

A

leon trotsky

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22
Q

german born, knew little about the government, left in command when nick left

A

alexandra romanov

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23
Q

ruthless soviet leader who industrialized soviet union

24
Q

became home to russian govt, new capital

25
relied on secret police, last of romanov family, left throne in WWI, abdicated in 1917
czar nicholas II
26
promised peace, land, bread to russian people, elite group to lead revolution and set up a dictatorship
bolshevik party
27
country to help lenin return from exile
germany
28
purpose of communist propaganda
praise communism and critique capitalism
29
role of propaganda in communist russia
revived nationalism and kept people in fear
30
how did lenin and stalin treat citizens
* lenin tried to help the citizens * stalin was more cruel and ruthless
31
the great purge
- caused by stalin's fear - he used terror, propaganda, censorship and religious persecution to become the totalitarian leader of russia - bolsheviks charged with many crimes - bolsheviks sent to labor camps - many executed - more than 4 million deaths
32
father of pure communism
karl marx
33
lenin's plan for taking over banks
war communism
34
russian czar abdicated in 1917
nicholas II
35
stalin's 5 year plan
- turn soviet union into modern industrial power - brought all economy activities under govt control - soviet union developed command economy - oil, coal, and steel production grew - govt owned all businesses - forced peasants to give up land - standard of living was very poor
36
short answer differences between communist and democratic
communist: * no freedom of speech * no private property * all males forced to join military * govt uses scapegoats * controls and owns all industries * brutal and unfair treatment of citizens * fear for your life * no individual freedoms * only one party of person to vote for * controls press, education and all info Democratic: * ruled by people for the people * govt positions are elected * ruled by constitution * can own private property * multiple people to vote for * checks and balances to limite power Both: * make laws * have military and police to keep order
37
name of army who supported bolshevik
red army
38
how did stalin rise to power
- trotsky's mistakes - he was cunning and lucky - lenin's testament
39
marxist leader of russian revolution
leon
40
what lenin called his economic program
new economic problem
41
show trials
used in the great purge, public trials to force bolsheviks to confess
42
stalin's assurance of obedience to state
- secret police - censorship - violant purges - terror
43
short answer was communism an improvement for russia?
yes it was an improvement because it got rid of all social classes, it gave everyoen free education and free daycare, they had inexpensive housing, women won equality, they had free medical and there were more jobs available.
44
what was stalin's first goal of soviet union?
to make country modern industrialist
45
stalin labor camps
gulags
46
causes of russian revolution in 1917 (march and november)
March Revolution: - unrest after 1905 revolution - marxists tried to ignite proletariats - large death toll on battlefield - strikes demanding bread - troops refused to fire on citizens November Revolution: - bolsheviks took power from provisional govt who gave up easily - made moscow new capital - kremlin was lenin's new headquarters and home
47
changes/results of bolshevik revolution
- russia became communist nation - czar nicholas II executed - workers given control of factories and mines - new flag created - ended private ownership of land and distributed to peasants
48
pre-revolutionary conditions in russia
- ruled by romanov family for 400+ years - long term unrest - 1905 Revolution (bloody sunday) - creation of duma: no real political power/voice for people - corruption was widespread - use of secret police: military to keep citizens in line - poor overall economic conditions
49
name of army who supported the bolshevik
red army
50
why did communist prosecute russian orthodox church?
supported athesium
51
who was rasputin
illiterate peasant
52
policy of collectivism
- put all farmers in one big area - farmers and peasants shared equipment and worked together - increased food and increased communist mentality - effects: people didn't like it
53
role alexandra played in WWI
was left in command when nicholas II left to go to war
54
short answer causes of 1917 revolutions
* class distinctions - peasants, workers and more * disaster of WWI * massive shortages of food and heat * nicholas II proved to be unfit for country
55
what did lenin promise
peace, land, bread

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