chapter 28 review Flashcards
name of army who supported leaders of czar
white army
what did new soviet flag stand for
was red and gold flag
hammer = factory workers
sickle = farmers
star = communism
stalin’s early goals
- to create an industrial giant - strick command economy
lenin’s plan for taking over banks
war communism
promises made by bolshevik party in 1917
peace, and and bread
what were the seeds for the cold war
US was scared of Russia and Russia was scared of US. Stalin didn’t keep the agreements he made with the western allies about holding free elections. This scared the west who thought that communists would take over the world. Russia didn’t trust the US because US didn’t tell them about a-bombs. Russians were scared that the US would use the a-bombs on them.
country to help white army during civil war
united states
army who supported leaders of czar
white army
role of orthodox church after 1921
nonexistant
people who would lose chains according to communist manifesto?
proletariats
city that became home to russian govt
moscow
which of the following best describes stalin’s collectivations?
disastrous
one result of great purge
increase stalin’s power
lenin’s new economic plan and its effects
- wanted to end civil war - started rebuilding state and economy - didn’t want to do war communism - small businesses allowed to open for profit - stopped taking grain from peasants - goal to improve standard of living - controlled money, transportation, foreign and communication - brought rapid economic recovery, industries and agriculture prospered
read the words of karl marx, spread marxist ideas, worked with leon trotsky
vladimir lenin
what does ussr stand for
union of soviet socialist republic
reforms made by czars between 1915 and 1916
too few
10 points of communist manifesto
- no private ownership of land - heavy progressive income tax - no rights of inheritance - free public education - abolish child factory labor - equal liability of all to labor - various state roles in manufacturing, banking, transportation, planning and communication
turned soviet union into a modern industrial power, goal was to create an industrial giant, forced peasants to give up private lands and to live on either state owned farms or collectives
stalin
illiterate peasant and self proclaimed, influenced by alexandra, killed by people who feared the monarchy, killed on December 29, 1916
gregory rasputin
russian revolutionary and communist theorist, helped lenin build up the army, commander of the red army
leon trotsky
german born, knew little about the government, left in command when nick left
alexandra romanov
ruthless soviet leader who industrialized soviet union
stalin
became home to russian govt, new capital
moscow
relied on secret police, last of romanov family, left throne in WWI, abdicated in 1917
czar nicholas II
promised peace, land, bread to russian people, elite group to lead revolution and set up a dictatorship
bolshevik party
country to help lenin return from exile
germany
purpose of communist propaganda
praise communism and critique capitalism
role of propaganda in communist russia
revived nationalism and kept people in fear
how did lenin and stalin treat citizens
- lenin tried to help the citizens
- stalin was more cruel and ruthless
the great purge
- caused by stalin’s fear - he used terror, propaganda, censorship and religious persecution to become the totalitarian leader of russia - bolsheviks charged with many crimes - bolsheviks sent to labor camps - many executed - more than 4 million deaths
father of pure communism
karl marx
lenin’s plan for taking over banks
war communism
russian czar abdicated in 1917
nicholas II
stalin’s 5 year plan
- turn soviet union into modern industrial power - brought all economy activities under govt control - soviet union developed command economy - oil, coal, and steel production grew - govt owned all businesses - forced peasants to give up land - standard of living was very poor
short answer
differences between communist and democratic
communist:
- no freedom of speech
- no private property
- all males forced to join military
- govt uses scapegoats
- controls and owns all industries
- brutal and unfair treatment of citizens
- fear for your life
- no individual freedoms
- only one party of person to vote for
- controls press, education and all info
Democratic:
- ruled by people for the people
- govt positions are elected
- ruled by constitution
- can own private property
- multiple people to vote for
- checks and balances to limite power
Both:
- make laws
- have military and police to keep order
name of army who supported bolshevik
red army
how did stalin rise to power
- trotsky’s mistakes - he was cunning and lucky - lenin’s testament
marxist leader of russian revolution
leon
what lenin called his economic program
new economic problem
show trials
used in the great purge, public trials to force bolsheviks to confess
stalin’s assurance of obedience to state
- secret police
- censorship
- violant purges
- terror
short answer
was communism an improvement for russia?
yes it was an improvement because it got rid of all social classes, it gave everyoen free education and free daycare, they had inexpensive housing, women won equality, they had free medical and there were more jobs available.
what was stalin’s first goal of soviet union?
to make country modern industrialist
stalin labor camps
gulags
causes of russian revolution in 1917 (march and november)
March Revolution: - unrest after 1905 revolution - marxists tried to ignite proletariats - large death toll on battlefield - strikes demanding bread - troops refused to fire on citizens November Revolution: - bolsheviks took power from provisional govt who gave up easily - made moscow new capital - kremlin was lenin’s new headquarters and home
changes/results of bolshevik revolution
- russia became communist nation - czar nicholas II executed - workers given control of factories and mines - new flag created - ended private ownership of land and distributed to peasants
pre-revolutionary conditions in russia
- ruled by romanov family for 400+ years - long term unrest - 1905 Revolution (bloody sunday) - creation of duma: no real political power/voice for people - corruption was widespread - use of secret police: military to keep citizens in line - poor overall economic conditions
name of army who supported the bolshevik
red army
why did communist prosecute russian orthodox church?
supported athesium
who was rasputin
illiterate peasant
policy of collectivism
- put all farmers in one big area - farmers and peasants shared equipment and worked together - increased food and increased communist mentality - effects: people didn’t like it
role alexandra played in WWI
was left in command when nicholas II left to go to war
short answer
causes of 1917 revolutions
- class distinctions - peasants, workers and more
- disaster of WWI
- massive shortages of food and heat
- nicholas II proved to be unfit for country
what did lenin promise
peace, land, bread
