cognition and emotion 1 Flashcards
when were cognition and emotion considered separate topics until?
1980s
what do cognitive experiments traditionally consist of?
normal, healthy participants
in lab conditions to ignore emotional states on cognitive tasks
what is affect?
the experience of feeling or emotion
what is affect divided into?
emotions, moods and preferences
what is emotion?
a brief but intense experience
what is affective judgement?
decision based on what a person likes/dislikes
what does emotion consist of, according to Watson and Clark?
prototypic form of behavioural expression
pattern of consistent autonomic changes
distincy subjective feeling state
what components does Lang suggest emotions have?
behavioural
physiological
cognitive/verbal
what are the response systems>
components of emotion
-behaviour
-physiological response
-feeling
what are the two approaches to classify emotional experiences?
basic emotion approach
dimensional approach
what is the basic emotions approach?
many researchers rely on a limited number of discrete emotions
these are universal, and independent of culture/upbringing
who investigated the basic emotions approach?
Ekman et al- facial recognition of emotion studies
what did Ekman’s study find?
emotions/facial expressions universal across cultures
but surpise varied across cultures
which characteristics determine whether an emotion is a basic one?
distinct universal signals
distinct physiology
present in other primates
quick onset
brief duration
distinct thoughts/memories/images
how is the dimensional approach measured? (Lang)
an affect grid
participants asked to rate pictures according to valence and arousal, on a self assessment manikin rating scale= C shaped pattern
what are three historical theories of emotion?
James-Lange theory
Cannon-Bard theory
Schachter and Singer- arosual intepretation theory
what is the order of the James Lange theory?
stimulus
sensory perception
body changes
particular emotional experience
what is the James Lange Theory?
subjective experience of emotion is a slave to the physiology of emotion
feedback from physiological signals leads us to experiencing an emotion
behaviour precedes cognition
different emotions have different physiological characteristics
what is the order of the Cannon Bard theory?
stimulus
sensory perception
simultaneous general autonomic arousal, and experience of emotion
what is the Cannon Bard theory?
arousal and subjective experience of an emotion occur simultaenously as a result of a pattern of sub-cortical stimulation
what is the order of the arousal-intepretation theory?
stimulus
sensory perception
general autonomic arousal
cognitive appraisals, based on context/previous experience/prior knowledge
particular emotional experience
what is the arousal intepretation theory?
cognitive theory
to experience emotion, we need high physiological arousal, and an emotional intepretation of that arousal
what happened in Schachter and Singer’s study?
investigated ‘effect of vitamin compound on vision’= lie
3 groups injected with with adrenaline and 1 placebo group
some correctly informed, some misinformed, some not informed
placed in a situation aimed to produced euphoria or anger
emotional state assessed by self report and independent judges
what were the results of Schachter and Singer’s study?
in the euphoria group, most to least emotion= misinformed, uninformed, informed
in the angry group, most to least emotion= uninformed, placebo, informed
depsite identical physiological experiences, experience of emotion affected by cognition
