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M1 > CNS/Eye/Ear Embryonic development > Flashcards

CNS/Eye/Ear Embryonic development Flashcards

1
Q
A

Semicircular canals

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2
Q
A

The mesencephalon

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3
Q
A

The cerebral aquaduct of Sylvius

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4
Q
A

The diencephalon

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5
Q
A

Growth of the ramus of the mandible

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6
Q

What molecular signal is responsible for the differentiation of neuronal cells of the basal plate?

A

SHH

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7
Q

What molecular signal is responsible for differentation of nerons of the alar plate?

A

BMPs

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8
Q

Regions of brain

A
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9
Q

What generates CSF?

A

Choroid vesicles

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10
Q

Where does the third ventricle arise?

A

The diencephalon

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11
Q

In what fundmental way are cranial and spinal nerves similar?

A

Their motor neurons reside inside the central NS and sensory ganglia are outside

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12
Q

What cranial nerves originate from the hindbrain region?

A

IV - X

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13
Q

What induces the lens to form?

A

Contact between the optic vesicle and overlying ectoderm

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14
Q

What is the master gene for eye development?

A

PAX6

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15
Q

What is the master gene for the development of the optic nerve?

A

PAX2

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16
Q

Coloboma

A

When the choroid fissue fails to fully close

Typically caused by mutations in Pax2

17
Q

When does laterality and midline signaling start during embryonic development?

A

The 3rd week

18
Q

When in gestation would the insult that cause the following defect occur?

A

Third week (midline development)

Midline Eye fields are established early in the 3rd week with appearance of the anterior neural ridge in the neural plateSHH expression establishes the midline and separates the eye fields

19
Q

What induces the otic placode?

A

Adjacent hindbrain region of the neural tube

Involve FGFs

20
Q

What structure is the primitive tympanic cavity and auditory tube derived from?

A

The 1st pharyngeal pouch

21
Q

What cell population gives rise to the malleus/incus/stapes?

A

Nueral crest cells

22
Q

What structure(s) are the malleus/incus/stapes derived from?

A

Malleus/incus - first pharyngeal pouch

Stapes - second pharyngeal pouch

23
Q

Which pharyngeal arche(s) are involved in forming the external ear?

A

The first and second

24
Q

What structure gives rise to the malleus/incus?

A

Proximal Meckel’s cartilage of the first pharyngeal arch

25
Q

Why does alcohol disrupt SHH signaling?

A

SHH has to be bound to cholesterol to effectively signal, alcohol dissolves cholesterol.

M1 (53 decks)

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