CNS Flashcards
Glutamate
Excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and can be associated with seizures and epilepsy
Sodium channel blockers
Used in Epilepsy
PLC TV
Carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, fosphenytoin, lamotrigine, lucosamide, topiramate(also GABA receptor agonist), valproate (also GABA transaminase inhibitor)
Calcium channel blocker
Epilepsy—-Ethosuximide
Hypertension—- Amlodipine, nifedipine
Arythmias—— verapamil, diltiazem
Neuropathic pain—pregabalin/gaba pentin
Levetiracepam
SV2A blocker, so after Ca2+ influx no fusion of glutamates vesicles to membrane
Little S/E
Benign Rolandic
Epileptic spasm
Lamotrigine
West syndrome
Epileptic spasm
Vigabatrin
Status epilepticus
Start benzodiazepines
Then prophylaxis with- fosphenytoin, valproate, levetiracetam, lacosamide
If not, propofol or ketamine
If not, barbiturates (good for babies)
Absence generalised
Ethosuximide first
Valproate or lamotrigine
Myoclonic
Valproate, levetiracetam
Lamotrigine or benzodiazepine
Tonic clonic
Valproate, levetiracetam
Phenytoin/fosphenytoin
Phenobarbital (neonates)
Focal seizures
Carbamazepine
Oxcarbazepine
Levetiracetam
Lamotrigine
Phenobarbital (neonates)
Zonisamide
Sulfonamide anticonvulsants and carbonic anhydride inhibitor
Blocks Na+ and calcium channel to prevent glutamate release
Binds to GABA as well
