Cluster B (Dramatic/Emotional/Erratic) Personality Disorders Flashcards
Cluster B personality disorder defined by a pervasive pattern of criminal, impulsive, callous, and/or ruthless behavior, predicated on disregard for the rights of others and neglect for social norms
Antisocial personality disorder
Antisocial personality disorder is dual-coded in the DSM-5 as what?
- Personality disorder
- Conduct disorder
How many symptoms are required to meet the criteria for antisocial personality disorder?
At least 3 symptoms
Since when should the symptoms of antisocial personality disorder have occurred
Since age 15
What is the age requirement for antisocial personality disorder?
At least age 18
To meet the criteria for antisocial personality disorder, there should be evidence of conduct disorder before what age?
Before age 15
A condition describing people with unusual emotional responses and impulsive rages but no deficits in reasoning ability
Mania sans delire (mania without delirium)
Non-DSM5 category similar to antisocial personality disorder, but with less emphasis on overt behavior, defined by an absence of emotion, impulsivity, manipulativeness, and irresponsibility
Psychopathy
Etiological model of antisocial personality disorder stating that psychopaths have abnormally low levels of cortical arousal and seek stimulation to boost their chorinically low levels of arousal
Underarousal hypothesis
State 1 implication of the underarousal hypothesis explaining antisocial personality disorder.
- Low levels of fear in response to threatening situations
- Discomfort leading to stimulation seeking
What 3 brain structures show abnormalities in individuals with antisocial personality disorder?
- Prefrontal cortex (less gray matter and volume and low activation)
- Amygdala (decreased volume and activity)
- Striatum (increased volume and activity)
Etiological model of antisocial personality disorder stating that psychopaths possess a higher threshold for experiencing fear than most other individuals
Fearlessness hypothesis
State at least 2 social contributions to the development of antisocial personality disorder.
- Permissive parenting
- Coercive parenting
- Dysfunctional family dynamic
- Low socioeconomic status (SES)
- Peer influences
True or False: Incarceration is assumed to deter future antisocial acts in individuals with antisocial personality disorder.
True
State 2 medications commonly prescribed to treat antisocial personality disorder.
- Mood stabilizers
- Atypical antipsychotics
State 3 psychological treatments helpful in treating antisocial personality disorder.
- Psychoanalytic therapy
- CBT
- Parent training
Cluster B personality disorder defined by:
- Impulsiveness and unpredictability
- An uncertain self-image
- Intense and unstable social relationships
- Extreme mood swings
Borderline personality disorder (BPD)
How many symptoms are required to meet the criteria for borderline personality disorder (BPD)?
At least 5 symptoms
Tendency to see oneself and others as all good or all bad and to vacillate between these two views
Splitting
From the psychodynamic perspective, what contributes to the development of borderline personality disorder (BPD)?
Lack of differentiation of self
Etiological model of borderline personality disorder (BPD) proposing that a diathesis of emotion dysregulation interacts with experiences of invalidation in the family environment to promote the development of BPD
Diathesis-stress theory of borderline personality disorder
State 3 medications used to treat borderline personality disorder (BPD).
- Antidepressants
- Mood stabilizers
- Atypical antipsychotics
When is it recommended to add drug treatment to an effective psychotherapy in the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD)?
When there are comorbid disorders
Apart from dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), state at least 2 psychotherapy approaches that can be used to treat borderline personality disorder.
- Mentalization-based therapy
- Schema-focused cognitive therapy
- Transference–focused therapy
- Systems training
A structured form of psychodynamic therapy developed for borderline personality disorder (BPD) in wihch the person is encouraged to focus on their emotions and relationships
Mentalization-based therapy
An enriched form of traditional cognitive therapy for borderline personality disorder (BPD), with a broader focus on how childhood antecedents and parenting shape current cognitive patterns
Schema-focused cognitive therapy
A highly structured psychodynamic treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD) that uses the relationship between patient and therapist to help parents develop a more realistic and healthier understanding of their interpersonal relationships
Transference-focused therapy
Group intervention for people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) that combines cognitive techniques challenging irrational and maladaptive cognitions and behavioral techniques addressing self-management and problem solving
Systems training for emotional predictability and problem solving (STEPPS)
Cluster B personality disorder defined by overly dramatic behavior, emotional excess, and sexually provocative behavior
Histrionic personality disorder
How many symptoms are required to meet the diagnostic criteria for histrionic personality disorder?
At least 5 symptoms
True or False: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial personality disordr may be sex-typed alternative expressions of the same unidentified underlying condition.
False
Both histrionic and antisocial personality disorders ar posited to be sex–typed alternative expressions of the same unidentified underlying condition.
State 2 psychological (i.e., psychodynamic) contributions to the development of histrionic personality disorder.
- Parental seductivenss
- Defense against low self-esteem
Cluster B personality disorder defined by:
- Extreme selfishness and self-centeredness
- A grandiose view of one’s uniqueness, achievements, and talents
- An insatiable craving for admiration and approval
- Willingness to exploit others to achieve goals
- Expectation of much more from others than one is willing to give in return
Narcissistic personality disorder
How many symptoms are required to met the diagnostic criteria for narcissistic personality disorder?
At least 5 symptoms
Subtype of narcissism characterized by a view of oneself as unique and superior and by grandiose fantasies to cope with difficultis in self-esteem
Grandiose narcissism
Subtype of narcissism characterized by grandiose fantasies to quell intense shame
Vulnerable narcissism
Feature of narcissistic personality disorder characterized by exaggerated feelings and fantasies of greatness
Grandiosity
What does self psychology say about the etiology of narcissistic personality disorder?
Profound failure by the parents to model empathy early in child’s development
State at least 1 parenting dimension that increases the risk of narcissistic personality disorder.
- Emotional coldness
- Overemphasis on child’s achievements
What parenting style may give rise to grandiose narcissism?
Permissive parenting style
State at last 2 social contributions to the development of narcissistic personality disorder.
- Permissive or authoritarian parenting
- Childhood adversity
- Indulgence and overevaluation during childhood
State at least 1 psychotherapy approach to treating narcissistic personality disorder.
- Cognitive therapy
- Relaxation training
