Clinical-Small Intestine

Question 1

Generally, this is the increase in stool weight or volume.

Answer 1

Diarrhea

Question 2

What is the condition when water-soluble molecules are poorly absorbed and remain in the bowels?

Answer 2

osmotic diarrhea

Question 3

Generally, where is the osmotic pressure higher to cause osmotic diarrhea?

Answer 3

in your bowels.

Question 4

What types of things can cause osmotic diarrhea?

Answer 4

carb malabsorbtion, lactase deficiency, sorbitol-sweetened foods, saltine cathartics and magnesium-based antacids

Question 5

If the fluid and electrolyte transport is abnormal, and too many electrolytes are secreted, what condition follows?

Answer 5

secretory diarrhea

Question 6

What can cause secretory diarrhea?

Answer 6

bacterial toxins (cholera), neuroendocrine tumors, surreptitious ingestion of laxitives, bile acid diarrhea, fatty acid diarrhea

Question 7

Which diarrhea (osmotic or secretory) has daily stool volume > 1 L?

Answer 7

secretory

Question 8

Which diarrhea (osmotic or secretory) stops after 48 hours of fasting?

Answer 8

osmotic

Question 9

Which diarrhea (osmotic or secretory) has a higher osmotic pressure?

Answer 9

osmotic

Question 10

Which diarrhea (osmotic or secretory) has a higher [salt]?

Answer 10

secretory

Question 11

Which diarrhea (osmotic or secretory) has a higher solute gap?

Answer 11

osmotic

Question 12

If membrane permability is abnormal and serum, blood, or mucus enters the stools, this type of diarrhea can result.

Answer 12

Exudative diarrhea

Question 13

What types of things can cause exudative diarrhea?

Answer 13

infalmmation, ulceration or infiltration

Question 14

What does the volume and presence of blood in excudative diarrhea?

Answer 14

small volume and blood possible

Question 15

Gastrectomy, intestinal resection, hyperthyroidism, and carcinoid syndrome can do what to absorption? is there a name for this?

Answer 15

decreases the time for chyme to be absorbed. this is rapid intestinal transit time.

Question 16

So what can cause a DELAYED transit time?

Answer 16

bacterial overgrowth, structural defects, visceral neuropathy (diabetes), myopathy (scleroderma).

Question 17

If the L-side of the colon is inflammed, what does it do?

Answer 17

become spastic

Question 18

What are the Sx to a spastic colon?

Answer 18

Tenesmus (feeling u gotta poop all the time but u poop just a little nugget)

Question 19

What happens if the R-side of the colon is inflammed?

Answer 19

it causes u to poop a big load

Question 20

True or false: on proctosigmoidoscopic exam, R-sided diarrhea is normal and L-sided shows inflammation.

Answer 20

true

Question 21

What type of infection is the most common cause of acute diarrhea?

Answer 21

Viral

Question 22

True or False: to slow the rate of infection acute diarrhea, give an antimotility agent.

Answer 22

FALSE. do not with an infection. it’s self limiting.

Question 23

How long must u have diarrhea b4 it’s termed chronic diarrhea?

Answer 23

4 weeks

Question 24

What is the most common cause of chronic diarrhea?

Answer 24

Irritable bowel syndrome.

seriously. my ex gf. it was bad. like dual-wielding febreeze aerosol canisters bad.

Question 25

The dodenum absorbs which 3 metals the best?

Answer 25

Fe, Ca, Mg

Question 26

The duodenum and jejunum both absorb which 3 substances?

Answer 26

folate, H2O soluble vitamins (except B12), and monosaccharides

Question 27

The jejunum and ileum absorbs what 2 acids the best?

Answer 27

fatty and amino acids

Question 28

The ileum absorbs what 3 things the best?

Answer 28

fat soluble vitamins, B12, bile salts.