Clinical Head and Neck II Flashcards
palatine vessels supply what part of the oral cavity
roof of mouth
tongue blood supple
lingual
2 main branches of oral cavity
ascending pharyngeal and lingual
hypopharynx
anything below the cricoid cartilage
palatine tosils
disppear after about year 1
creates IgA to tease out the good from bad
walderyers ring
area including palatine, pharyngeal (adenoids) and lingual tonsils
oblique shape
odynophagia
painful swallowing
common for of bacterial tonsilitis
strep throat
acute versus subacute vs chronic
less that 4 weeks
4-12 weeks
more than 12 weeks is chronic
refered pain from hypopharynx or larynx causes
causes ear pain
lateral thumb sign (dilated are of epiglotis)
on x-ray
epiglotis is bulging and balooned out (should be thin and crisp)
epiglotitis (H influenza type b)
retraction of neck muscles
airway may be compromised
thin column of air on xray
laryngeal tracheal bronchitis ( Croup)
viral that affects subglottis (narrowest area of the airway)
epiglotitis has to be advanced to become stridor, this does not
tx: steroids, racemic epinepherine (topical decongestant)
stertor
like snoring but can sound like a cold
hoarseness
isolated to vocal chords
traciotomy
done between 1st adn 2nd tracial rings
cricothyrotemy (advantages/ disadvantages)
Advantages-
Hemorrhage less common
Easier to identify (Prominent cartilage)
Less Risk of Esophageal Injury
Disadvantages
Higher Risk of Subglottic stenosis
tracheaotomy
98% reversible procedures
what drains into the Internal Jugular Vein
Retromandibular Vein
Sigmoid Sinus
Thoracic Duct
VITAMIN C pneumonic for DDX
Vascular: Infectious: Traumatic: Autoimmune: Metabolic: Idiopathic: Neoplasm: Congentinal:
inferior thyroid artery comes from
thyrocervical trunk
Jugular Foramen Syndromes
Vernet’s Syndrome: IX - XI - jugular foramen
Collard-Sicard Syndrome: IX – XII - beyond jugular foramen
Vallaret’s Syndrome: IX – XII + SNS -includes internal carotid
Cranial Nerve XII: Hypoglossal (fibers path/innervates what/ damage causes what)
Fibers arise from the medulla and exit the skull via the hypoglossal canal to:
Innervate both extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue
If damaged, difficulties in speech (dysarthria) and swallowing (dysphagia)
