Clinical Head and Neck II

Question 1

palatine vessels supply what part of the oral cavity

Answer 1

roof of mouth

Question 2

tongue blood supple

Answer 2

lingual

Question 3

2 main branches of oral cavity

Answer 3

ascending pharyngeal and lingual

Question 4

hypopharynx

Answer 4

anything below the cricoid cartilage

Question 5

palatine tosils

Answer 5

disppear after about year 1

creates IgA to tease out the good from bad

Question 6

walderyers ring

Answer 6

area including palatine, pharyngeal (adenoids) and lingual tonsils

oblique shape

Question 7

odynophagia

Answer 7

painful swallowing

Question 8

common for of bacterial tonsilitis

Answer 8

strep throat

Question 9

acute versus subacute vs chronic

Answer 9

less that 4 weeks

4-12 weeks

more than 12 weeks is chronic

Question 10

refered pain from hypopharynx or larynx causes

Answer 10

causes ear pain

Question 11

lateral thumb sign (dilated are of epiglotis)

Answer 11

on x-ray

epiglotis is bulging and balooned out (should be thin and crisp)

epiglotitis (H influenza type b)

Question 12

retraction of neck muscles

Answer 12

airway may be compromised

Question 13

thin column of air on xray

Answer 13

laryngeal tracheal bronchitis ( Croup)

viral that affects subglottis (narrowest area of the airway)

epiglotitis has to be advanced to become stridor, this does not

tx: steroids, racemic epinepherine (topical decongestant)

Question 14

stertor

Answer 14

like snoring but can sound like a cold

Question 15

hoarseness

Answer 15

isolated to vocal chords

Question 16

traciotomy

Answer 16

done between 1st adn 2nd tracial rings

Question 17

cricothyrotemy (advantages/ disadvantages)

Answer 17

Advantages-
Hemorrhage less common
Easier to identify (Prominent cartilage)
Less Risk of Esophageal Injury

Disadvantages
Higher Risk of Subglottic stenosis

Question 18

tracheaotomy

Answer 18

98% reversible procedures

Question 19

what drains into the Internal Jugular Vein

Answer 19

Retromandibular Vein
Sigmoid Sinus
Thoracic Duct

Question 20

VITAMIN C pneumonic for DDX

Answer 20

Vascular:  
Infectious:  
Traumatic:  
Autoimmune:  
Metabolic: 
Idiopathic:  
Neoplasm:  
Congentinal:

Question 21

inferior thyroid artery comes from

Answer 21

thyrocervical trunk

Question 22

Jugular Foramen Syndromes

Answer 22

Vernet’s Syndrome: IX - XI - jugular foramen
Collard-Sicard Syndrome: IX – XII - beyond jugular foramen
Vallaret’s Syndrome: IX – XII + SNS -includes internal carotid

Question 23

Cranial Nerve XII: Hypoglossal (fibers path/innervates what/ damage causes what)

Answer 23

Fibers arise from the medulla and exit the skull via the hypoglossal canal to:

Innervate both extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue

If damaged, difficulties in speech (dysarthria) and swallowing (dysphagia)