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HNSS > 13-Histology of the Eye > Flashcards

13-Histology of the Eye Flashcards

1
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2
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Sclera

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3
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Sclera

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4
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Cornea paste-8680128906440.jpg

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5
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Corneal epithelium

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6
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Junction between Descemet’s Membrane & Endothelium of the Cornea

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7
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8
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9
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Choroid

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Choroid

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11
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12
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13
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Ciliary Process

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14
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Ciliary Process

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15
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Zonule Fibers of the Ciliary Body

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16
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Zonule fibers of the ciliary body

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17
Q

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The Iris

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18
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Iris

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19
Q

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The Retina

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20
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The Retina paste-9590661972338.jpg

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21
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Photoreceptors

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22
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Photoreceptors

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23
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Photoreceptors

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24
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Photoreceptors

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25
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a= bipolar cell b= ganglion cell c= amacrine cell

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26
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A= Optic Disc

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27
Q

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Depression= Fovea

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28
Q

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29
Q

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L= Lens

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30
Q

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C= Lens capsule E= Lens epithelium

31
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32
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34
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Conjunctiva

35
Q

aqeuous humor

A

low-protein fluid that is secreted by ciliary epithelium and located in the anterior and posterior chambers (between the lens and the cornea) *Functions to maintain intraocular pressure

36
Q

Axes of the Eye:

A

Visual- from lens to fovea Anatomicfrom middle of lens to the back

37
Q

Bruch’s Membrane

A

layer above the choriocapillaris that is responsible for the blood barrier

38
Q

Choroid - also its layers

A

Located between the sclera & retina’s pigmented epithelium Loose connective CT, highly vascularized & pigmented *Has melanocytes that produce Black color 1) Choroidal stroma (not vascularized) 2) Choricocapillaris

39
Q

Ciliary Body

A

Made of up the ciliary muscle & ciliary processes- *Epithelium- lots of microvilli

40
Q

Ciliary Muscle

A

group of smooth muscle which aid in accommodation fo the lens. Innervated by ciliary ganglion

41
Q

Ciliary Processes

A

1) Anchor cite for zonule fibers that are attached to the lens and used for accommodation & focus 2) Produce aqueous humor, and help to drain aqueous humor

42
Q

Components of the Middle Vascular Region

A

Uvea1) Iris 2) Ciliary Body 3) Choroid *All the tissues are pigmented, but they do not have light sensitive cells

43
Q

Components of the Tunica Fibrosa

A

1) Sclera 2) Chornea

44
Q

Cones

A

respond to different colors *Used for daytime vision & visual acuity

45
Q

Conjunctiva

A

transparent mucous membrane that covers the exposed portion of sclera & inner surface of eyelids goblet cells *Bulbar conjunctiva - on the eye’s surface, Palpebral conjunctiva- on the inner eyelid surface

46
Q

Consequence of a blocked Canal of Schlemm

A

Glaucoma

47
Q

Cornea

A

Transparent, anterior 1/6 of the eye- avascular

48
Q

Drainage of the Aqueous Humor

A

From the anterior chamnber it trackels through the Trabecular meshwork and then into the Canal of Schlemm

49
Q

Fovea Centralis

A

**Depression on inner retinal surface where there is an avascular zone in which the photoreceptor layer is only cones - responsible for sharp cenral vision (ie reading/driving). Located at the center of the macula lutea

50
Q

Glands of the Eyelid

A

Meibomian- sebaceous to reduce tear film evaporation Glands of Moll- sweat glands into eyelash follicles Glands of Zeis- sebaceous to eyelash

51
Q

Iris

A

colored diaphragm bordering pupil, with two muscles: 1) Sphincter = parasympathetic from ciliary ganglion 2) Dilator = sympathetic from superior cervical ganglion **color of eye depends on iris Note: anterior chamber is between the cornea and iris, posterior chamber is between the iris and the lens

52
Q

Layers of the Cornea

A

From outer to inner:1) Corneal Epithelium = non-keratinized stratified squamous 2) Bowman’s Membrane- cell free, thick BM 3) Substantia propria (stroma) - 90% of corneal thickness, lots of collagen 4) Descemet’s Membrane 5) Endothelium = simple cuboidal epithelium

53
Q

Layers of the Eye

A

Outer- Tunica Fibrosa Middle- Tunica Vasculosa (Uvea) Inner- Retina (nervous)

54
Q

Layers of the Retina

A

1) Pigmented epithelium - monolayer, nutritional support 2) Outer & Inner segments of Photoreceptors - cones & rods 3) External Nuclear Layer - photoreceptor nuclei 4) External Plexiform Layer- photoreceptors synapse with other cells 5) Inner Nuclear Layer- nuclei of horizontal, bipolar, amacrine, & Muller glial cells (Muller = supportive) 6) Internal Pleixform Layer- where ganglion cells synapse with other cells 7) Ganglion Cell Layer 8) Nerve Fiber Layer- axons of ganglion cells come together to form optic nerve

55
Q

Lens

A

elastic, avasulcar tissue that consists of a capsule, epithelium, and many fibers

56
Q

Lens Capsule

A

thick and transparent layer of the lens

57
Q

Lens Epithelium

A

Single cuboidal layer in the lens

58
Q

Limbus

A

Corneal-Scleral junction- stem cells located here!

59
Q

Optic disc

A

blind spot, result of penetration of optic nerve through retina

60
Q

Ora Serrata

A

Serrated junction between the retina & pigmented cells of the ciliary body- marks transition from simple, photosensitive area of retina, to more complex, photosensitive

61
Q

Rods

A

respond to light intensity only, used for night & peripheral vision **mostly at the periphery

62
Q

Sclera

A

Posterior 5/6 fo the eye (of the tunica fibrosa) *Dense CT with Type I Collagen bundles *White inc olor, very few blood vessels

63
Q

Types of Retinal Cells

A

Bipolar- synapse with photoreceptors on one side, ganglion on the other Horizontal Amacrine- can synapse with several cells at once = messenger cells between photoreceptors & ganglion cells

64
Q

What effect does carotid artery atherosclerosis have on the eye?

A

occlusion of the central artery of the retina

65
Q

Why can corneal transplants happen without rejection?

A

Cornea is avascular!

66
Q

parotid gland

A

mostly serous

what looks like mucous is actually fat that accumulates with age

67
Q

submandibular gland

A

mainly serous but has some mucous component

responsible for 70 % of saliva

has demilunes

68
Q

striated ducts

A

very pink bc they pick up a lot of stain

They recieve contents from intercalated ducts

69
Q

what structure does mixing of serous with mucous

A

semilunar structures called serous demilunes

70
Q

sublingual gland

A

mainly mucous, few serous components

underdeveloped in the sense that its capsule is very thin and there are few intercalated and striated ducts

71
Q

table comparing major salivary glands

A
72
Q

excretory duct of parotid

A

stenson’s duct

at level of 2nd upper molar

73
Q
A

Wharton’s duct

74
Q

sublingual gland excretory duct

A

bartholin’s duct

HNSS (17 decks)

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