10-Nasal Cavities Sinus and Larynx brainscape

Question 1

Answer 1

1- Frontal Sinuses

2- Ethmoidal Sinuses

3-Orbital plate of ethmoid bone 4- Maxillary Sinuses

5- teeth

Question 2

Answer 2

6- Frontal Sinus 7- Superior Concha 8- Pituitary Gland 9- Sphenoidal sinus 10- Inferior Conchae 11- Middle Conchae

Question 3

Answer 3

1- Frontal Process of Maxilla 2- Lacrimal bone (of ethmoid) 3- Superior Conchae 4- Middle conchae 5- Perpendicular plate of palatine bone 6- Medial palte of pterygoid process of sphenoid 7- Inferior conchae 8- don’t worry 9- Greater Alar Cartilage 10- Lateral Nasal Cartilage 11- Nasal Bone

Question 4

Action of Cricothyroid

Answer 4

Lengthens Vocal Cords

Question 5

Action of lateral cricoarytenoid

Answer 5

Adducts vocal cords

Question 6

Action of Posterior Cricoarytenoid

Answer 6

Abducts the vocal cords (ONLY ONE THAT CAN DO THIS!

Question 7

Action of Thyroarytenoid

Answer 7

Shortens vocal cords

Question 8

Action of Transverse arytenoid

Answer 8

Adducts vocal cords

Question 9

Action of Vocalis muscle

Answer 9

shortens vocal cords

Question 10

Autonomic innervation stimulus in the nose

Answer 10

Sympathetic = vasoconstriction of blood vessels Parasympathetic= secremotor to mucous glands

Question 11

Blood Supply to Nasal Cavity:

Answer 11

1) Facial (from external carotid) 2) Sphenopalatine (from maxillary from external carotid) 3) Anterior ethmoidal (from internal carotid)

Question 12

Cartilages of the Larynx

Answer 12

*Cricoid *Corniculate *Cuneiform *Arytenoid *Thyroid

Question 13

Cricothyroid Membrane

Answer 13

*(aka Triangular) Connects the cricoid cartilage to the thyroid cartilage *Makes up the True vocal cord

Question 14

Direct Blow to Nose

Answer 14

*Cribiform plate can be broken or dislocated, CNI can be torn from olfactory bulb 1) Anosmia 2) Meningitis 3) CSF Rhinorrhea

Question 15

Drainage of Maxillary Sinus

Answer 15

Semilunar Hiatus

Question 16

Drainage of Sphenoidal Sinus

Answer 16

Sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 17

Ethmoidal Sinus Drainage

Answer 17

Anterior = Semilunar hiatus Middle = Bulla Posterior= Superior Nasal Meatus

Question 18

External Structure of the nose:

Answer 18

Question 19

Frontal Sinus Drainage

Answer 19

Middle meatus (semilunar hiatus)

Question 20

Function of sinuses

Answer 20

*Lighten cranium *Aid in phonation *Provide air around nasal cavity for insulation

Question 21

Functions of the Larynx

Answer 21

1) Open valve during respiration 2) Partially closed valve during phonation 3) Acts as sphincter during swallowing

Question 22

Functions of the Nose

Answer 22

*Respiration *Olfaction *Filtration *Hydration/Warming *Excretion

Question 23

Innervation of the Nasal Mucosa:

Answer 23

1) CN I 2) Anterior Ethmoidal (from nasociliary from CN V1) (tip of nose) 3) Nasopalatine (from V2) from pterygopalatine ganglion 4) Posterior nasal branches (from V2)

Question 24

Innervation of the superior/middle/inferior conchae

Answer 24

Posterior Nasal Branches of V2

Question 25

Into which sinus would you approach to access a pituitary tumor?

Answer 25

Sphenoidal

Question 26

Lateral blow to nose

Answer 26

\*Epistaxis \*Structural deformity

Question 27

Lymph Drainage of Nose

Answer 27

Vestibule --\> Submandibular nodes Everywhere else --\> Deep Cervical Nodes

Question 28

Lymph of the Larynx

Answer 28

Above vocal cords: deep cervical nodes Below vocal cords: deep nodes

Question 29

Medial wall of nasal Septum

Answer 29

\*Perpendicular plate of Ethmoid \*Vomer \*Septal cartilage

Question 30

Muscles that adduct the vocal folds

Answer 30

Lateral cricoarytenoid Transverse arytenoid

Question 31

Muscles that Lengthen the vocal cords

Answer 31

Cricothyroid--\> high voice

Question 32

Muscles that shorten the vocal cord

Answer 32

Thryoarytenoid Vocalis --\> low notes

Question 33

Nerves responsible for symptoms of Hay Fever

Answer 33

\*Nasopalatine Nerve \*Greater & Lesser Palatine Nerves

Question 34

Olfacotry region of nasal cavity

Answer 34

Roof of nasal cavity, only place where you can smell because CNI comes through here

Question 35

Quandrangular Membrane

Answer 35

Gives rise to the false vocal cord

Question 36

Respiratory region of nasal cavity

Answer 36

extensive area of nasal cavity, covered by mucous

Question 37

Result of ligated external laryngeal nerve

Answer 37

phonation is weakened because cricothyroid cannot tighten vocal cords

Question 38

Result of ligated recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 38

One: vocal cords not damaged, can compensate Both damaged: voice completely lost, breathing becomes difficult

Question 39

Rima Glottidis space in larynx

Answer 39

\*Rima glottidis = 2 true vocal cords come together to produce sound

Question 40

Sinus (Ventricle) space in larynx

Answer 40

\*Sinus (ventricle) = space between true & false vocal cords

Question 41

Spaces of the Larynx

Answer 41

\*Sinus (ventricle) \*Rima glottidis \*Subglottic Space \*Vestibule

Question 42

Structure of the External Nose:

Answer 42

Bones: Nasal + Maxillary (two each) Cartilages: one septal cartilage, two lateral nasal cartilages, two greater alar cartilages

Question 43

Structures that pass through the Sphenopalatine Foramen

Answer 43

1) Sphenopalatine branch of maxillary artery 2) Nasopalatine branch of Maxillary nerve (V2) 3) Superior nasal branches of Maxillary Nerve (V2)

Question 44

Subglottic Space in Larynx

Answer 44

\*Subglottic Space = inferior to the rima glottidis (food can get caught here)

Question 45

Turbinate Bones

Answer 45

aka nasal conchae- curved bony folds covered with mucosa that make up the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. \*Spaces between conchae= meatuses Inferior conchae= can be seen in nostril

Question 46

Vestibule of the Nasal Cavity

Answer 46

Area superior to nostril, nose hairs found here to filter things

Question 47

Vestibule space in larynx

Answer 47

\*Vestibule = superior most space posterior to epiglottis

Question 48

What factors determine frequency (pitch) of voice?

Answer 48

Changes in length and tension of the vocal cords

Question 49

What factors determine quality of voice

Answer 49

resonator above larynx - ie pharynx, mouth, sinuses, thoracic muscles

Question 50

What innervates the tip of the external nose?

Answer 50

Anterior ethmoidal (from nasociliary, from CN V1)

Question 51

What is the only laryngeal muscle that can abduct the vocal cords?

Answer 51

Posterior Cricoarytenoid

Question 52

What nerve is at risk for being damaged in a thyroidectomy?

Answer 52

External laryngeal (immediately deep to superior thyroid artery) Recurrent laryngeal- not constantly with inferior thyroid artery

Question 53

What sinus can be invaded following an extraction of an upper molar?

Answer 53

Maxillary sinus

Question 54

When will drainage of a sinus occur?

Answer 54

when the opening is physically below the sinus

Question 55

Where does the Nasolacrimal duct drain?

Answer 55

Inferior meatus