5-Intracranial region brainscape

Question 1

Arteris that often cause epidural hematoma?

Answer 1

Middle Meningeal Artery

Question 2

Artery that often causes a subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer 2

Circle of Willis artery

Question 3

Blood supply to the brain

Answer 3

1) Vertebral 2) Internal Carotid 1 + 2 = Cerebral Arterial Circle (of Willis)

Question 4

Boundaries of the Anterior Cranial Fossa

Answer 4

Inferiorly- orbital plate of frontal bone Medially - ethmoid bone Posteriorly- lesser wing of sphenoid bone

Question 5

Carotid Foramen/Canal

Answer 5

Internal Carotid artery (with sympathetics)

Question 6

Cavernous Sinus (location & receives)

Answer 6

Location: Lateral aspect of body of sphenoid Receives: Cerebral & opthalamic veins, sphenoparietal sinuses, and emissary veins from pterygoid plexus of veins

Question 7

Cerebral Anyeurism

Answer 7

abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the wall of blood vessel 2-4% of pop has anyeurisms, but 30,000 people each year have ruptured one

Question 8

Confluence of Sinuses (location & receives)

Answer 8

Location: dilated space at the internal occipital protuberance Receives: Superior sagittal, straight (inferior & vein of Galen) and occipital sinuses

Question 9

Contents of the Anterior cranial fossa

Answer 9

Frontal lobes of the brain CN I

Question 10

Contents of the Middle Cranial Fossa

Answer 10

*Temporal Lobes of Brain *CN II *CN III *CN IV *CN V *CN VI Foramen: optic canal, superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum

Question 11

Contents of the Posterior cranial fossa

Answer 11

Occipital lobes *Brainstem *CN VII –> CN XII Foramens Magnum, internal acoustic meatus, jugular, hypoglossal canal

Question 12

CT image of an epidural hematoma sign

Answer 12

Lentiform shaped –> like a lens

Question 13

Diaphragma sellae

Answer 13

surrounds the pituitary gland

Question 14

Diploic veins

Answer 14

run between the internal and external tables of compact bone in the roof of the cranial cavity

Question 15

Dural venous sinuses

Answer 15

endothelial lined spaced between the outer perisoteal and inner meningeal layers of dura mater. Eventually lead to the internal jugular veins

Question 16

Emissary veins

Answer 16

pass from outside the cranial acavity to hte dural venous sinuses

Question 17

Falx cerebelli

Answer 17

Separates the two cerebellar hemispheres

Question 18

Falx Cerebri

Answer 18

separates the two cerebral hemispheres

Question 19

Inferior Petrosal Sinus (Location & Receives)

Answer 19

Location: Groove between petrous part of temporal bone and occipital bone ending in internal jugular vein Receives: drains directly into the IJV

Question 20

Inferior Saggital Sinus (Location & Receives)

Answer 20

Location: Inferior margin of falx cerebri Receives: A few cerebral veins and veins from falx cerebri

Question 21

Middle Cranial Fossa structure

Answer 21

Sphenoid & Temporal Bones

Question 22

Parenchymal hemorrage CT image

Answer 22

Question 23

Posterior Cranial Fossa structure

Answer 23

Occipital bone & petrous portion of temporal bone

Question 24

Pterygopalatine Fossa

Answer 24

inverted teardrop posterior to the maxilla which consists of parts of the palatine, maxilla, and sphenoid bones Contains: *V2 *Terminal part of Maxillary artery *Pterygopalatine ganglion - preganglionic parasymp from greater petrosal branch of the facial nerve & postganglionic sympathetic from the deep petrosal branch of the carotid plexus

Question 25

Sigmoid Sinus (Location & Receives)

Answer 25

Location: Continuation of transverse sinuses to internal jugular veins, groove of parietal, temporal, and occipital bones Receives: Transverse sinuses, cerebral, cerebellar, diploic, and emissary veins

Question 26

Straight Dural Sinus (Location & Receives)

Answer 26

Location: Junction of falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli Receives: Inferior sagittal sinus, great cerebral vein, posterior cerebral veins, superior cerebellar veins, veins from falx cerebri

Question 27

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Answer 27

Due to a ruptured cerebral anyeurism (90% Circle of Willi)- EXTERMELY painful

Question 28

Subdural Hematoma

Answer 28

Crescent shaped on CT Often due to small veins draining to superior sagittal sinus

Question 29

Superior Saggital Sinus (Location & Receives)

Answer 29

Location: superior border of falx cerebri Receives: Superior cerebral, diploic, and emissary veins & CSF

Question 30

Tentorium cerebelli

Answer 30

separates the cerebral hemispheres from the cerebellum

Question 31

Three Intracranial Spaces

Answer 31

Extradural (potential) Subdural (potential) Subarachnoid

Question 32

Transverse Sinus (Location & Receives)

Answer 32

Location: Horizontal Extensions from the confluence of sinuses along posterior & lateral attachments of the tentorium cerebelli Receives: Drainage from confluence of sinuses, also superior petrosal sinus, diploic, and emissary veins

Question 33

where do most anyeurisms form?

Answer 33

Branching points of the circle of Willis: ie the Anterior Communicating (ACom)