15-Oral Histology brainscape Flashcards
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Lip *Small Arrow =fully keratinized stratified squamous epithelium *Large Arrow= hair
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Lip *Arrow- fully keratinized stratified squamous epithelium *SB- Sebaceous gland *Green- hair follicle
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Inside of the lips *Between arrows= keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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Cross Section Through Anterior 2/3 of Tongue *F= Fungiform Papillae *V= Circumvallate Papillae
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SKeletal muscle in cross section of the tongue
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Filiform Papillae = DO NOT HAVE TASTE BUDS
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Fungiform Papillae *Taste buds at the arrow
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Circumvallate PapillaeYellow Arrow = Duct of von Ebner White Arrow= gland of von Eber
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Taste bud in the valley of Circumvallate Papillae
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Tatse Bud: Green arrow: Basal cells (stem, progenitor cells) Pink Arrow: Supporting cells Small Black: Sensory cells
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Teeth of an infant
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Teeth of an adult
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d= dentin p= pump small arrow= odontoblasts Large argow- space between dentin & ameloblasts
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d= dentin p= pulp cavity o= odontoblasts a= ameloblastic layer Large arrow= enamel small arrow= predentin
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arrow= enamel d= dentin p= pulp cavity a= alveolar bone
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e= enamel d= dentin p= pulp cavity *Can also see lines of Retzius
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D= Dentin P= pulp cavity e= enamel
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D= Dentin C= Cementum small black arrows= cementocytes yellow arrow= dentin tubules
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d= dentin p= pulp cavity a= alveolar bone s- gingival sulcus arrow near bottom of tooth= periodontal ligament thin red line on tooth= cementum
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G= gingival sulcus Arrow= transition to non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
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a= alveolar bone p= periodontal ligament c= cementum d= dentin
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Parotid Gland - entirely serous (interlobular duct seen near the arrow)
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Interlobular duct in the parotid gland
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*Parotid DuctSmall intercalated duct at white arrow leading to larger striated duct (SD)
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Parotid from old person (lots of fat)
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Submandibular Gland *Yellow arrow= striated ducts Black arrow= mucous cells other darker cells = serous cells
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Serous demilunes in a submandibular gland
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Sublingual gland- serous cells only at arrows, everything else is mucous
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Serous Cell: N= nucleus M= Mitochondria RER= Rough ER
Apical Foramen
Valley within the alveolar bone extension through which the root canal comes through. Contains all blood vessels and nervous tissue that supply the pulp
Cell Type of salivary Glands
1) Serous Cells 2) Mucous cells 3) Myoepithelial cells 4) Plasma cells
Cells of Taste Buds
1) Sensory cells 2) Supportive Cells 3) Progenitor Cells (aka basla cells)
*Taste hairs - located on the top of each taste bud
Cementum
bone-like calcified matrix that covers the dentin of the root *Produced by cementocytes *Provides anchor-sites for Sharpey’s fibers
cemetoclasts withing the lacunae
cementoblast in exteriro border
Circumvallate Papillae
*Large circular structures (10-12) each with surrounding “moat” located just in front of the sulcus terminalis
Classification of Parotid, Submandibular, Sublingual Glands
Parotid= Compound Acinar Submandibular= Compound tubulo-acinar Sublingual= Compound tubulo-acinar
Composition fo the external surface of the cheek
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Dental pulp
Gelatinous CT that fills the pulp cavity including the root canal *Highly vascularized & innervated
Dentin
Hard but resilient calcified tissue (70% dry weight) *Organic matrix (predentin) is here and produced by odontoblasts (which is not shed, we can keep making dentin as long as our teeth are vascularized)
exam ?
Difference between odontoblasts & ameloblasts
*Odontoblasts –> Dentin (blasts are protected, located in pulp cavity and continue to make dentin once tooth erupts) They are simple columnar epithelium cells.
*Ameloblasts –> Enamel (blasts are shed once tooth protrudes into oral cavity)
Differences between the epidermis of the skin & the oral mucous membrane
1) Mucous membrane is stratified squamous epithelium (mostly nonkeratinized) 2) Wet mucosa 3) Highly permeable to certain substances especially sublingually and on the ventral surface of the tongue
Enamel
hardest structure in the body- 95% calcified (hydroxyapatite) *Produced by ameloblasts, but they degenerate during tooth eruption so the enamel part of the tooth cannot repair itself Lie down enamel in layers that form Lines of Retzius
Epithelium of Parotid, Submandibular, and Sublingual glands
Parotid= All serous Submandibular= Mostly serous with some mucous Sublingual= Mostly mucous with some serous
Filiform Papillae
most numerous lingual papillae- keratinized, do not have taste buds
Fungiform Papillae
look like mushrooms, interspersed especially near tip of tongue, contain a few taste buds
Glands of Von Ebner (TEST Question!)
located below the circumvallate papillae- deliver serous secretions into the moat for cleansing
How many deciduous (baby/milk) teeth are there?
20
Intercalated Duct prevalence in Parotid, Submandibular, and Sublingual glands
Parotid- Abundant Submandibular- Less prominent Sublingual- Absenet
Interstitial fat prevalence in Parotid, Submandibular, and Sublingual glands
Parotid- Abundant Submandibular- few or no fat Sublingual- no fat
Lingual Papillae
Filiform Fungiform Circumvallate
Lining of the nasopharynx
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Lining of the oropharynx
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Minor Salivary Glands
*Primarily mucous secreting glands *Located in the submucosa of the oral epithelium *Not encapsulated, short ducts, continuous secretion
Mucous cells of salivary glands
*Usually cells are bleached out *Nuclei flatted, located on basal surface *secretion contains mucin for lubrication
Myoepithelial cells
cells in salivary glands that can facilitate the movement of saliva by contract and squeeze the contents of the cells into the lumen
Number and type of permanant teeth
*Incisors = 8 (single root) *Canine = 4 (single root) *Premolars = 8 (double root) *Molars = 12 (two or three roots)
Only location in the body where we have skeletal muscle traveling in three different planes
The tongue
Parotid Gland
Produces 25% of saliva *Largest salivary gland - serous type (compound alveolar) *Lots of IgA secreting plasma cells *Opens on inner surface of cheek across from upper second molars
Periodontal Ligament
Dence CT which sends fibers into cementum which secure tooth to bony socket - acts as shock absorber and allows limited movement of tooth in socket
Regions of a tooth
Crown- enamel covered part that extends above the gingival Root- Cementum covered part below the gingival that anchors teeth in the alveolar socket Neck- cemento-enamel junction
Salivary control: Parasympathetic vs Sympathetic
Sympathetic stimulation: thick, viscoid secretion (dry mouth) Parasympathetic stimulation: copious watery secretions
Semi demilune
occur when there is a mixture of serous and mucous cells
Serous cells of salivary glands
*Stain dark *Nuclei are round, in a central position, have abundant zymogen granules *Will cluster together to form acinus (grape like cluster) *Secretion rich in water, electrolytes, amylase, IgA, and lactoferrin
Sharpey’s Fibers
attach the cementum to the periodontal ligaments
gives tooth some mobility so that trauma does not always knock teeth out
Steps in Teeth Formation
1) Tooth formation begins 6-7 weeks of gestation 2) Crown formation begins before root formation 3) Root formation occurs after crown is mostly completed and is accompanied by tooth eruption
Striated Duct prevalence in Parotid, Submandibular, and Sublingual glands
Parotid- Abundant Submandibular- Abundant Sublingual- Absent
Striated Ducts
special ducts lined with mitochondria, columnar cells, and basal foldings that can modify the primary secretion through active transport
Stroma of Parotid, Submandibular, and Sublingual glands
Parotid= heavy capsule Submandibular= less prominent capsule Sublingual= no capsule
Sublingual Glands
Produce 5% of saliva *Smallest of the glands *Mixed type (has serous demilunes) but mucous predominates (rich mucin)
Submandibular glands
Produce 70% of saliva *Mixed type (serous predominate) with serous demilunes
Sulcus terminalis
V-shaped shallow groove separating palatine and pharyngeal portions
Tissue of the gingival sulcus
space between the free gingival and crown- lined by non-keratinized epithelium
Type of Excretory Duct in Parotid, Submandibular, and Sublingual glands
Parotid- Stenson’s Submandibular- Wharton’s Sublingual- Bartholin’s
Vermillion zone
red area of the lips *Transition between keratinized and nonkeratinized epithelium. Abundant dermal capillaries, no hair or sweat glands
Where are taste buds located throughout the mouth?
*Tongue, soft palate (including uvula), pharyngeal wall, epiglottis, and larynx *Some may be found in lips, cheeks, upper third of esophagus. Number decreases with age
Where is the largest concentration of taste buds?
In the moat of the circumvallate papillae
lips
characteristics
exam question!!
no hair or sweat glands! (exam ?)
stratum corneoum is thinner and stratum lucidum is thicker. That is why you see blood in lips from dermal papilla
keritinized areas in mouth
hard palate
gums
surface of tongue
(all involved in mastication
portion under the tongue are very _____
clinical relevant because_____
porous
drug delivery (nitroglycerine)
dental sac gives rise to
periodontal ligament and cementin
enamel organ gives rise to
the dental papilla gives rise to
enamel
the dental papilla gives rise to
dentin