CLINICAL DATA REPOSITORIES Flashcards
ELECTRONIC OR WRITTEN REPRESENTATION OF CLINICAL INFORMATION DATABASE
Clinical Data Repositories (CDR)
Electronic or written representation of a database of clinical information
Clinical Data Repositories
Readily searchable and exportable due to standardization
Clinical Data Repositories
Integrate physician-entered data with data from LIS, RIS, admission, and pharmacy departments among others
CDR
Also used in conjunction with external data sources and financial data
CDR
Common kinds of available information in the CDR are the ff:
Patient demographics
Patient’s primary care provider
Medication list
Allergies
Hospital in-patient visits
Emergency department encounters
Outpatient practice visits
Immunizations
Diagnoses
Procedures
Laboratory results
Social history
Vitals
WHEN USER MAKES QUERY THROUGH HIS, NEAR REAL-TIME RETRIEVAL OF CLINICAL DATA IS POSSIBLE WITHOUT SACRIFICING PERFORMANCE OF APPLICATION (DUE TO BEING SEPARATE)
CDR Integration with HIS
Levels of integration: LICSSL
Location
Indices
Catalogues
Semantic translations/equivalences
Syntactic structures
Links to external information
CDR influence functionality by setting constraints:
some CDRs are fairly open while others need authorization
Types of Clinical Data Repositories
in Street Woman Fighter, Every Rhythm Counts!
Study
Warehouse
Federation
Electronic Health Record
Registry
Collection
A database that collects observations for a specific clinical research study
Study
A database of observations made as a result of direct health care
Electronic Health Record
Observations collected and organized for the purpose of studying or guiding particular outcomes on a defined population; associated studies are either multiple or long-term and evolving over time
Registry
A repository that adds levels of integration and quality to the primary (research or clinical) data of a single institution to support flexible queries for multiple uses;
is broader in application than a registry
Warehouse
A library of heterogeneous datasets from more organizations than a warehouse or more sources than a registry;
organized to help users find a particular data set, but not to query for data combined across datasets
Collection
A repository distributed across multiple locations, where each location retains control over access to its own data, and is responsible for making the data comparable with the data of other locations
Federation
ORGANIZED PRESENTATION OF CLINICAL DATA THAT COULD SATISFY PHYSICIANS’ INFORMATION NEEDS WITHOUT OVERWHELMING THEM WITH EXTRANEOUS INFORMATION
Multiple Views for Patient Medical Record
Multiple Views for Patient’s EMR
______standardizes data from disparate sources into a cohesive form
CDR
Given a set of data, there exists several possible views/dimensions:
Time (time-oriented view)
Location (source-oriented view)
Diagnosis (topic-oriented view)
Helps organizations to transform large amounts of information from distinct transactional files into a unitary decision-support database
Multiple Views for Patient’s EMR
When View by Time (time-oriented view) was chosen, a list of years was displayed. After selecting the year 1999, available clinical reports in that year were shown. Cells are highlighted with different colors to represent data from different clinical departments on various dates.
Time-Oriented View
Three types of views were available for users.
When View by Department (source-oriented vlew) was chosen, a list of clinical departments was shown.
After the lab department was selected, on Index of lab reports was displayed.
The details of a lab report were displayed after a click on the name of the report.
Location or Source-Oriented View
After View by Topic (concept-oriented view) was selected, a medical term (congestive heart failure) was supplied to the system as the concept of interest.
When Congestive Heart Failure was chosen as the concept of interest, a list of departments was shown. Kay After selecting Radiology Reports, the system returned a list of radiology reports related to congestive heart failure, and the content of a report was displayed by clicking the report name.
Diagnosis or Tоріс-Oriented View
Advantages: Multiple Views for Patient’s EMR
Provide longitudinal views of patient information which allows clinicians to trend and chart results over time
Provide access to information when needed (“one-stop shopping” environment) through user-friendly GUI (graphical user interface)
Provides cross-continuum view of information to track/monitor patient progress over time
MAY PRESENT PATIENT CARE INFORMATION AS TEXT, TABLES, GRAPHS, SOUNDS, IMAGES, FULL-MOTION VIDEO, OR SIGNALS ON AN ELECTRÔNIC SCREEN, PHONE, PAGER, OR PAPER.
EHR
DATA VISUALIZATION
Art of representing data in a pictorial or graphical format
Data Visualization
Helps in simplifying a wide array of information and allows decision-makers to derive analytical results from the information presented
Data Visualization
Correlations, patterns, trends which might go undetected from text-based clinical data can be revealed and recognized with more ease
Data Visualization
name, age, sex, birthdate, address, phone number, etc.
Patient demographics
General doctor
Patient’s primary care provider
maintenance
Medication list
all times of hospital admission
Hospital in-patient visits
outpatient consultations
Outpatient practice visits
i.e., pulse rates, blood pressure
Vitals
= i.e., laboratory department, pharmacy
Location
= list of files
Indices
- information inventory with details as to when the file is created and who or which department authored it
Catalogues
= study of meaning
Semantic
= medical jargon or terms to layman’s term
Translations/equivalences
Influence functionality by setting constraints:
some CDRs are fairly open while others need authorization
SERWCF: TYPES OF CDR
Study
Electronic Health Records
Registry
Warehouse
Collection
Federation
associated studies are either multiple or long-term and evolving over time
Registry
broader in application than a registry
Warehouse
organized to help users find a particular data set, but not to query for data combined across datasets
Collection
each location retains control over access to its own data, and is responsible for making the data comparable with the data of other locations
Federation
Other terms for the views on patient’s EMR
Time (time-oriented view)
Location (source-oriented view)
Diagnosis (topic-oriented view)
was chosen, a list of years was displayed.
After selecting the year 1999, available clinical reports in that year were shown.
Cells are highlighted with different colors to represent data from different clinical departments on various dates.
Time-Oriented View
When View by Time (time-oriented view)
was chosen, a list of clinical departments was shown.
After the lab department was selected, an Index of lab reports was displayed.
The details of a lab report were displayed after a click on the name of the report.
Location or Source-Oriented View
When View by Department (source-oriented view)
was selected, a medical term (congestive heart failure) was supplied to the system as the concept of interest.
When Congestive Heart Failure was chosen as the concept of interest, a list of departments was shown.
After selecting Radiology Reports, the system returned a list of radiology reports related to congestive heart failure, and the content of a report was displayed by clicking the report name.
Diagnosis or Tоріс-Oriented View
After View by Topic (concept-oriented view)
Ex. Searching the term “colon cancer” = all reports, findings, or any information such as laboratory biopsy results, will appear
Diagnosis or Tоріс-Oriented View
Advantages: Multiple Views for Patient’s EMR
Provide longitudinal views of patient information which allows clinicians to trend and chart results over time
Provide access to information when needed (“one-stop shopping” environment) through user-friendly GUI (graphical user interface)
Provides cross-continuum view of information to track/monitor patient progress over time
EHR MAY PRESENT PATIENT CARE INFORMATION AS
TEXT, TABLES, GRAPHS, SOUNDS, IMAGES, FULL-MOTION VIDEO, OR SIGNALS ON AN ELECTRÔNIC SCREEN, PHONE, PAGER, OR PAPER.
