Clincial Conditions related to blood and bone marrow

Question 1

Polycythemia

Answer 1

Elevated numbers of RBCs

Question 2

What causes Polycythemia?

Answer 2

Genetic disorders, chronic hypoxia, high altitudes, tumors that secrete EPO

Question 3

Anemia

Answer 3

Decreased numbers of RBCs; anisocytosis (size alterations)

Question 4

What causes anemia?

Answer 4

hemorrhage, poor nutrition, chronic disease, pregnancy

Question 5

Sickle Cell-Anemia

Answer 5

caused by a single point mutation in the gene encoding b-globin chain of hemoglobin A (valine for glutamic acid)

Question 6

What are some of the clinical manifestations of Sickle Cell-Anemia?

Answer 6

pain, damage to tissues due to hypoxia, shortened life span of RBCs (10-20 days)

Question 7

Erythroblastosis fetalis

Answer 7

Rh+ baby is born to a Rh- mother; during childbirth, blood mixes causing the mother to produce anti-bodies against Rh+. subsequent pregnancies can result in anti-body attack of a Rh+ baby

Question 8

What is the treatment for erythroblastosis fetalis?

Answer 8

RhoGam