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Functional Histology VBMS 408 > Cells of the nervous system > Flashcards

Cells of the nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

Neuroglia

A

supporting cells for neurons

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2
Q

What are the functions for neuroglia cells?

A

physical support, protection, facilitate nerve impulses, injury repair, regulates internal fluid environment, removes neurotransmiteer substances from synaptic cleft, exchange metabolites between nervous and criculatory systems

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3
Q

Nissil bodies

A

small clumps of RER stain with toluidine Blue stain

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4
Q

What are the CNS neuroglial cells?

A

MOAE; Microglial cells; ependymal cells; oligodendrocytes; astrocytes

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5
Q

What are the PNS neuroglial cells?

A

SS: Schwann Cells and Satelite cells

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6
Q

Astrocyte types

A

Fibrous astrocytes, protoplasmic astrocytes,

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7
Q

What is the largest type of neuroglial cell?

A

astrocytes

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8
Q

What protein is used to identify astrocytes?

A

Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAB)

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9
Q

What are the functions of astrocytes?

A

Nutrition acquistion and wate elimination ; covers nodes of ranvier; rids synaptic cleft of excess neurons, works with pia matter to form the blood brain barrier; regulates K+ concentration; forms neuropil

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10
Q

Neuropil

A

fine meshwork in areas devoid of neurons. Formed by astrocytes

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11
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

smaller in size to astrocytes with fewer, less branching processes

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12
Q

Where are oligodendrocytes found?

A

in columns between axons

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13
Q

What is the function of oligodendrocytes

A

Form myelin sheath around CNS axons

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14
Q

Microglial cells

A

(Cells of hortega) smallest, small darkly staining with a thin layer of cytoplasm

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15
Q

What is the function of microglial cells?

A

removing invading organisms, neoplastic cells; injured cells; cellular debrisl lmoderate immune reactions

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16
Q

Ependymal cells

A

Forms single layer of cubodial to columnar shaped cells lining brain ventricles and central canal of spinal cord; modified at areas within ventricles to work with capillary loops (choroid plexus) .

17
Q

Function of Ependymal cells

A

Works in the transport of fluid and secreted materials to form cerebrospinal fluid

18
Q

Schwann Cells

A

Develop from neural crest ectoderm

19
Q

Function of Schwann cells

A

support myelinated and unmyelinated neurons; removes cellular debris; guides regrowth of PNS axons; insulates axons; increases speed of conduction of nerve impulses

20
Q

Satellite cells

A

Single layer of small cuboidal cells covering the surface of ganglia

21
Q

What is the function of satellite cells?

A

insulate ganglia; provide route for metabolic exchange

Functional Histology VBMS 408 (28 decks)

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