Classification of Bone + Functions Flashcards

1
Q

General Characteristics of Skeletal Cartilage

A
  • No nerves or blood supply
  • Surrounded by layer of dense irregular connective tissue (Perichondrium)
  • Encased in small cavities (Lacuna)
    Elastic, hyaline, fibrocartilage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two types of bone growth?

A
  1. Appositional
  2. Interstital
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Appositional

A

Cartilage forming cells in the surrounding perichondrium secrete new matrix against external face of the existing cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Interstital

A

The lacunae-bound chondrocytes divide + secrete new matrix, expanding the cartilage from within

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How are bones classified?

A

By shape and location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two types of bone locations?

A

Axial and appendicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Axial

A

Forms long axis of the body & includes bones of the skull, vertebral column, sacrum & rib cage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Appendicular

A

Consists of bones of upper & lower limbs & girdles (Shoulder & hip bones) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the different types of bone shapes? (4)

A
  1. Long Bone
  2. Short Bone
  3. Flat Bone
    4 Irregular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe long bones

A
  • Contains a shaft & 2 ends
  • All limb bones are long except patella, wrist & ankle bones.
  • Wide as they are long
  • Have flared ends
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe short bones

A
  • Cube-shaped (ex. wrist & ankle)
  • Sesamoid-shaped like a sesame seed
  • Special short bone that forms in tendon (patella) and acts to alter the direction of pull of tendon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe flat bones

A
  • Thin, flattened
  • Usually a bit curved
    ex. sternum, scapulae, ribs, most skull bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe irregular bones

A
  • Have complicated shapes that fit none of the preceding classes.
    ex. vertebrae & hip bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 5 functions of bones?

A
  1. Support
  2. Protection
  3. Movement
  4. Mineral storage
  5. Blood cell formation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Support

A

Framework that supports body & cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Protection

A

The fused bones of the skull protects the brain. Vertebrae surround the spinal cord, and rib cage helps protect vital organs of the thorax.

17
Q

Movement

A

Bones act as levers for muscles

18
Q

Mineral storage

A

Reservoir for minerals. especially calcium + phosphorous.

19
Q

Blood cell formation

A

Hemopoiesis occurs in bone marrow

20
Q

What are the 3 bone cartilage types?

A
  1. Hyaline
  2. Fibrocartilage
  3. Elastic