Classification of Bone + Functions Flashcards
General Characteristics of Skeletal Cartilage
- No nerves or blood supply
- Surrounded by layer of dense irregular connective tissue (Perichondrium)
- Encased in small cavities (Lacuna)
Elastic, hyaline, fibrocartilage
What are the two types of bone growth?
- Appositional
- Interstital
Appositional
Cartilage forming cells in the surrounding perichondrium secrete new matrix against external face of the existing cartilage
Interstital
The lacunae-bound chondrocytes divide + secrete new matrix, expanding the cartilage from within
How are bones classified?
By shape and location
What are the two types of bone locations?
Axial and appendicular
Axial
Forms long axis of the body & includes bones of the skull, vertebral column, sacrum & rib cage.
Appendicular
Consists of bones of upper & lower limbs & girdles (Shoulder & hip bones) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton
What are the different types of bone shapes? (4)
- Long Bone
- Short Bone
- Flat Bone
4 Irregular
Describe long bones
- Contains a shaft & 2 ends
- All limb bones are long except patella, wrist & ankle bones.
- Wide as they are long
- Have flared ends
Describe short bones
- Cube-shaped (ex. wrist & ankle)
- Sesamoid-shaped like a sesame seed
- Special short bone that forms in tendon (patella) and acts to alter the direction of pull of tendon
Describe flat bones
- Thin, flattened
- Usually a bit curved
ex. sternum, scapulae, ribs, most skull bones
Describe irregular bones
- Have complicated shapes that fit none of the preceding classes.
ex. vertebrae & hip bones
What are the 5 functions of bones?
- Support
- Protection
- Movement
- Mineral storage
- Blood cell formation
Support
Framework that supports body & cavities