Class: Renal Sodium balance Flashcards
normal urine osmolality
285-295
intracellular volume is controlled by what
osmolality
extracellular volume is controlled by what
sodium
major intracellular ion
K+
major extracellular cation
Na+
hyponatremia water moves where?
to ICF
hyperglycemia/natremia water moves where
to ECF
What does the kideny regulate (volume-wise)
ECF volume and osmolality
ECF osmolality is regulated by what
renal ADH = water handling
ECF volume is regulated by what
renal Na+ handling = RAAS system
Which is tightly regulated and which varies all day- ECF volume or osmolality
osmolality is tightly regulated
min and max urine osmolality
min = 50 max = 1200
desert islnad no water = what type of state
hyperosmolar
in hyperosmolar state, what occurs
ADH released
sweating a lot and drinking water with no salt leads to what state
hyposmolar state
what 3 things will promote renin secretion:
Decreased NaCl to macula densa
Low BP in Afferent arteriole
Increased SNS activity
Decreased NaCl to macula densa –> what 2 things
dilation of AA
Prostaglandin release –> JG cells release renin
What do JG cells do in low BP independent of macula densa
release renin
SNS activity increased by what
low BP
SNS effects on kidney (3) and one systemic effect
i. Vasoconstriction (systemic)
ii. Renin release
iii. Decreased RBF, GFR (dt constriction of AA, EA)
iv. Increased reabsorption of NaCl (PCT, TAL, DT/CD)
Hypothalamus is activated by what 4 things
i. Hyperosmolarity
ii. decreased atrial receptor firing
iii. SNS
Angiotensin II
V1 receptor activation –> increased MAP via what MOA?
V1 is present on blood vessels–> increased SVR (vasoconstriction)
V2 receptor activation –> increased MAP via what MOA?
ADH receptor in tubule –> kidney water reabsorption–> increased BV
define hypern natremia
Sodium >145
