Class 8 - Personality Flashcards
Personality
an individual characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
Personality theories
- Psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theories : id, ego, superego
- Humanistic theories : strive for self-actualization when basic needs are met
- Trait theories : isolate important dimensions of personality
- Social and Cognitive theories : behavior influenced by interaction between people’s traits and their social context
Sigmund Freud personality ideas
id, ego, superego
Id
personality component to satisfy basic urges, needs, and desires
Ego
develops from id; component of personality that is responsible for dealing with reality
Superego
component of personality that provides moral standard by which the ego operates
Free association
associate words with context (unconscious)
Fixation
a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage
Defense mechanisms
- Regression
- Reaction formation
- Projection
- Rationalization
- Displacement
- Sublimation
- Denial
Regression
retreating to an earlier psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains fixated
Reaction formation
switching unacceptable impulses into their opposite
Projection
blaming the other person; disguising one’s own threatening impulses by attributing them to others
Rationalization
offering self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening unconscious reasons for one’s actions
Displacement
shifting sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person
Sublimation
transferring of unacceptable impulses into a socially values motives
