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Western Medicine > Class 5: The Skin > Flashcards

Class 5: The Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Integumentary System consists of

A

hair, nails, and cutaneous glands

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2
Q

Skin is the most…

A

vulnerable organ

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3
Q

Skin is the body’s largest and heaviest…

A

organ

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4
Q

hypodermis is a

A

connective tissue layer below the dermis

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5
Q

Functions of skin

A
  • resist trauma and infection
  • synthesize vitamin D
  • sensation
  • thermoregulation
  • transdermal absorbtion
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6
Q

Epidermis is composed of

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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7
Q

The epidermal water barrier is…

A

Critical to retaining water in the body and preventing dehydration. Makes us waterproof.

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8
Q

Cells above the water barrier quickly…

A

die

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9
Q

5 types of cells of the epidermis are (deepest to most superficial)

A
  • stem cells
  • keratinocytes
  • melanocytes
  • tactile (merkel) cells
  • dendritic (langerhans) cells
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10
Q

Outer layers of epidermis to inner

A
  • Stratum Corneum
  • Stratum Lucidum
  • Stratum Granulosum
  • Stratum Spinosum
  • Stratum Basale
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11
Q

How many days does it take for a keratinocyte to make its way to the skin surface and flake off?

A

30-40 days

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12
Q

Dermis location, type of tissue

A

connective tissue layer beneath the epidermis

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13
Q

Dermis is composed of mainly

A
  • collagen with elastic fibers
  • reticular fibers
  • fibroblasts
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14
Q

The Dermis is well supplied with

A

blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and nerve endings

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15
Q

what is rooted in the dermis?

A

hair follicles and nail roots

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16
Q

what type of muscle is associate with hair follicles?

A

smooth muscle (piloerector muscles)

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17
Q

Hypodermis is what type of tissue?

A

subcutaneous

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18
Q

Hypodermis functions

A
  • Pads the body
  • binds the skin to underlying tissues
  • absorbs injected drugs
  • contains subcutaneous fat
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19
Q

melanin affects

A

skin color

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20
Q

people of different skin color have the same or different number of melanocytes?

A

same

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21
Q

Melanin amount varies with exposure to

A

UV rays of sunlight

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22
Q

Blueness of the skin is called

A

cyanosis

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23
Q

redness of the skin is called

A

erythema

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24
Q

pale or ashen skin is called

A

pallor

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25
Q

yellowing of the skin is called

A

jaundice

26
Q

friction ridges are the markings on the…

A

fingertips that leave oily fingerprints

27
Q

flexion lines are…

A

lines on the flexor surfaces of the digits, palms, wrists, and elbows

28
Q

freckles and moles are made up of what?

A

tan to black aggregations of melanocytes

29
Q

hemanglomas are

A

birthmarks

30
Q

hemanglomas (birthmarks) are caused by

A

benign tumors of dermal blood capillaries

31
Q

sebaceous glands produce

A

sebum

32
Q

Eccrine glands vs Apocrine glands

A

types of sweat glands

33
Q

eccrine gland

A
  • most numerous
  • open to pores
  • not associated with hair
  • don’t smell as much
34
Q

apocrine gland

A
  • less numerous
  • smell
  • source of pheremones
  • produced during pain, fear, sexual arousal
35
Q

components of a hair follicle

A
  • follicle
  • hair receptors
  • piloerector muscles
36
Q

Nail components

A

nail plate
nail bed
lunula

37
Q

lunula is the

A

base of the nail plate

38
Q

anemia will affect nails by

A
  • thin
  • raised ridges
  • concave
39
Q

ceruminous glands are found only in the

A

external ear canal

40
Q

Skin Cancer is induced by

A

the ultraviolet rays of the sun

41
Q

name the 3 types of cancer

A

basal, squamous, melanoma

42
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A
  • most common cancer
  • seldom metastasizes
  • forms from cells in stratum basale
43
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

can be scaly, can metastasize

44
Q

Malignant Melanoma

A

Deadly form. Often in a preexisting mole

45
Q

UVA and UVB initiate

A

skin cancer

46
Q

First degree burns

A
  • partial thickness burn

- only epidermis

47
Q

second degree burns

A
  • partial thickness burn

- epidermis and part of dermis

48
Q

third degree burns

A
  • full thickness burn

- epidermis and all of the dermis-often require skin grafts

49
Q

Bed sores are caused by, also called

A

tissue ischemia, decubitus ulcers

50
Q

Eczema vs psoriasis

A

eczema will go away, psoriasis will not (autoimmune disease)

51
Q

what virus causes chicken pox?

A

varicella zoster virus

52
Q

what virus causes shingles

A

herpes zoster

53
Q

vitiligo symptom

A

loss of pigmentation

54
Q

warts are caused by…

A

viruses

55
Q

are warts contagious?

A

Yes

56
Q

Rosacea looks like

A

redness across face, cheeks, nose

57
Q

Contact dermatitis caused by

A

allergic/ irritant

58
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis

A

dandruff

59
Q

perioral dermatitis

A

around mouth

60
Q

atopic dermatitis

A

eczema, comes and goes

61
Q

stasis dermatitis

A

swelling under the skin

Western Medicine (10 decks)

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