Class #5 - Hormones timeline

Question 1

John Hunter?

Answer 1

1700s. Castrated Roosters, coombs collapsed, put testes back into body cavity coombs erect again.

Question 2

Arnold Berthold?

Answer 2

1849. Reproduced Hunter.

Conclusion: Testes must be secreting something into blood?

Question 3

Thomas Addison?

Answer 3

1855. Autopsies ->Atrophied adrenal glands = low BP, weakness, anemia, bronzed skin, poor appetite, etc.
      Conclusion: Adrenal must release something into blood stream.

Question 4

Charles Brown-Sequard?

Answer 4

1889. Injected himself with maserated dog testes = felt better.
      Did same thing with monkey testes.
      Beginning of hormonal therapy.

Question 5

Serge Voronoff?

Answer 5

Disciple of Brown-Sequard.
Testes of executed criminal implanted in human. Then used monkeys when ran out of men (over 1000x times). Likely due to placebo, because testes not attached to anything.

Question 6

John Romulus Brinkley?

Answer 6

Performed goat-to-men testes transplants over 1700 times, did not attached them to anything.

Question 7

Dolanski?

Answer 7

1894. How pancreas liver know when food in stomach? Hypo: stomach acid = signal. Injected acid into dog rectum ->No flow of digestive juices

Question 8

Ernest Starling?

Answer 8

Same question has Dolanski. Hypo: Message released in duodenum? Experiment: Fed dog ->took piece of duodenum -> injected it in another dogs blood -> Digestive juice released.
Called the substance: Secretin, first hormone identified.