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Drugs 183 > Class #1 and 2 -history > Flashcards

Class #1 and 2 -history Flashcards

1
Q

Morphine also called

A

Laudanum

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2
Q

One of the first physician act?

A

Urine analysis

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3
Q

Bright yellow urine =

A

Excessive B12

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4
Q

White urine =

A

INfection

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5
Q

Brown urine =

A

Liver problem

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6
Q

Pink urine =

A

Food or bleeding

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7
Q

Life expectancy at the en of 1800s?

A

~47

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8
Q

CAUSE of reduce maternal mortality?

A

Penicillin during WW2

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9
Q

Canada life expectancy (2015)

A

Men 81

Women 85

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10
Q

Olderst human?

A

Jeanne Clment, 122 in france

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11
Q
  1. Life span vs

2. Life expectancy?

A
  1. Longest determined age (canada 117)

2. Statistical average an organism is expected to live based on: current age, sex, etc

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12
Q

1918-1919 what happened?

A

Flu, spanish influenza, grip.

30-50 millions death

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13
Q

How influenza kills?

A

Bacterial pneumonia b/c virus destroyed bronchial cells and bacteria invade the lungs.

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14
Q

Number of compound in urineÉ

A

147

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15
Q

Summerians had?

A

16 different beer recipes

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16
Q

Hippocrates successful cure (2)?

A

Night blindness with Ox(bovine) Liver, b/c contains a lot of vit.A and Crying babies: Poppy juice and flies excrements.

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17
Q

Dioscorides major work?

A

De Meteria Medica: Tome about plants.

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18
Q

Wormwood was used in? discovered by? Also discovered

A

Absinthe
Dioscorides
Saffron -> diuretic -> Passum

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19
Q

Pharmakon=

A

drug

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20
Q

Paracelcus invented? How?

A

ether as an anesthetic agent. Treating alcohol with acids

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21
Q

Paracelcus was against?

A

The doctrine of Humours

22
Q

Paracelcus said and valued?

A

All drugs are poison only depend on the {}. Valued experimentation and reasoning, one of the first.

23
Q

Doctrine of signature (Eg. mandrake root)

A

Ressembles human part, must be good for it. Mandrake root ressemble a human body.

24
Q

Plant remedies:

  1. Ipecac
  2. Aconite
  3. Foxglove (date of publication)
A
  1. Emetic
  2. Poison
  3. produced Lanoxin/digoxin (1785 - one of first medical articles)
25
Q

William Withering did what?

A

Discover usefulness of foxglove.

26
Q

% of children in Rep. Dem. Congo infected with malaria?

A

50%

27
Q

SmallPox eradicated by?

A

vaccins

28
Q

Polio 1.Worldwide cases in 2016?

2. Eradicated in America in?

A
  1. 37

2. 1991

29
Q

Leprosy also called?

  1. Is?
  2. Treatments?
  3. Number of cases?
A

Hansen’s Diseases

  1. . Bacterial infection
  2. Multi Drug Therapy
  3. 12m before today 200 000
30
Q

Guinea Worm disease what? how to treat?

A

Nematode worm from drinking water.

Cheesecloth to filter water

31
Q

Chagas Disease

A

Kissing bug parasite, Trypanzoma Cruzi, delayed Sx (10-20years), Insecticide spraying

32
Q

Protozoal/fungal diseases

A

treatment of esophagus.

33
Q

Anesthetics/sedative?

A

Librium (chlorodiazepoxide)

valium (diazepam)

34
Q

Drug acceptance minimum improvement? Average improvement?

A
  1. 30%, over placebo

2. 50%

35
Q

$ spend on precribed Rx in NA? Us take % of world precribed Rx?
OTC?

A

320 billions
50%
40B NA, 3B Canada

36
Q

Smelling salts?

A

Ammonium carbonate

37
Q

Doctrine of signature invented by?

A

Jakob Bohme

38
Q

Aspirin comes from?

A

Willow bark, but is syntisize from it.

39
Q

Who: “listen closely to pt and they will tell you the Dx”?

A

Sir William Osler

40
Q

Malaria:

  1. Type of disease?
  2. cases per year/death
  3. Early cure?
  4. New cure
  5. MOst impact
A
  1. PArasite
  2. 120M, 1-2M
  3. Quinine
  4. Artemisin
  5. DDT - insecticide, but discontinued b/c early broken egg in birds
41
Q

Joseph Lister discovered?

A

Phenol, used as disinfectant and in 50s as bad breath and dandruff control, contained thymol and propofol. Was a pionneer in asepsie, were glove during operation.

42
Q

Salversan of compound 606?

A

First drug brought up by rigorous studies, cured syphilis.

43
Q

Federal Food Drug ans Cosmetic Act date of foundation?

A

1938

44
Q

What did Dr. Frances Kelsey do?

A

Warn about Thalidomide and connected death to dietyl glycol in sulphanilamide solution

45
Q

Evaluation a new Drugs?

A

Kaplan-Meier plot, calculate survival rate.

46
Q

Lipinski rule of five?

A

No more 5 hydrogen bond donors
NO more 10 hydrogen bond acceptors
Molecular weight no more than 500

47
Q

Cantharidine extracted from?

A

Spanish flies

48
Q

Flower perinwinkle wileds?

A

Vincristine

49
Q

Prescription drug sale 2016?

A

750B$

50
Q

Excipients?

A

Not medicine in pills

Drugs 183 (13 decks)

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