Class 2

Question 1

when was the EU revival and why?

Answer 1

1980s and a new role for the European Commission
Direct Elections to the EP
the european monetary system (EMS)
the 2nd and 3rd enlargements
the single european act
the masstrcict treaty
the 4th enlargement

Question 2

explain the second enlargement

Answer 2

Second Enlargement
Greece applies to join the European Commission in 1975
Negotiations commence in 1976
Accession agreement signed in 1979
January 1981: 9 → 10 members

Question 3

explain the third enlargement

Answer 3

Portugal and Spain apple for European Commission membership in 1977
negotiatuibs commence in 1978 (portugal) and 1979 (spain)
accession agreement signed 1985
January 1986: 10 → 12 members

Question 4

what is the single european act’s background?

Answer 4

Jacques Delors
1985 White Paper on Completing the Internal market by 1992
the Milan Summit
the IGC (intergovernmental conference)

Question 5

the SEA (single european act) more info

Answer 5

signed in february 1986
came into effect in July 1987
widening:
incorporation of new policy areas
deepening
opening for qualified majority voting
increasing the role and power of the EP

Question 6

explain euro-dynamism

Answer 6

German unification and European integration
EMU (economic and monetary union) to reduce German economic dominance
EPU (european political union) to reduce German political dominance

Question 7

explain the maastrict treaty (widening and deepening)

Answer 7

signed in February 1992, effect in November 1993. Changed the official name of the EC to the European Union (EU)
widening: incorporation of new policy areas, introduced to the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)
deepening: introduced more qualified majority voting, increased the influence of the EU parliament

Question 8

how many countries were involved in a ratification process

Answer 8

5: Denmark (june 1992, voted no to TEU, 2nd one in may voted yes), Ireland (two weeks after danish) 69% yes, France (sept 1992) 51% yes, Britain (august 1993), Germany (court gave green light in October 1993)

Question 9

explain the fourth (fans) enlargement

Answer 9

Austria - 1989
Sweden - 1991
Finland - 1992
Norway - 1992
Negotiations on EU membership commenced in 1993 with the 4 countries
referendums in 1994: all in favor
Austria - 66.4 % (June)
Finland - 56.9% (October)
Sweden - 52.3% (November 13)
Norway - 47.5% (November 28)
1. January 1995: 12 → 15 EU members

Question 10

what was so special about the 4th enlargement

Answer 10

1) northern dimension
2)rich countries
3)mature democracies
4)new policy priorities
5)easy and rapid negotiations (European Economic Area) EEA