class 14 Flashcards
CAP
what does CAP stand for?
Common agricultural policy
why is it unpopular?
Used to be super important because of people involved in food productions. Right now between 7 and 10%. 12 millions farmers in Europe.
what does the policy aim to do?
ensure reasonable prices for consumers ( stabilize agricultural markets and increase agricultural productivity) and ensure a fair standard of living for farmers
why was France pushing for the CAP?
that after ww2 with near famine situation in Europe, needed to have a guaranteed supply of food and became the first main objective (regular supply of food) farmers needed help
why was it controversial and unpopular?
a) expensive (used to be 70% of agriculture alone
b) seen as wasteful (so effective that they were wasting food)
c) environmentally unfriendly (using fertilizers, hormones, cutting forests)
d) poor management and fraud (allegations, wasn’t a transparent system)
e) external relations (protecting European farmers so, they developed protectionist policies with community process) seen as the most protectionist system in the world
f) BSE crises
what is the BSE crisis?
(nothing changed before the BSE crisis) Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), or Mad Cow disease, surged in the UK in the 1980s-90s due to the CAP policy, which allowed using protein from sick animals. By 1993, cases peaked at 1,000 per week. The EU banned UK beef imports, and animals were culled. In 1996, a schoolgirl died of human form of the disease, revealing it could affect people, not just cows.
explain multifunctionality in the current status of CAP
1999, new model of agriculture, not only about production, is about other values. needed to decouple, production and financial support
In what year was there brought direct individuals payments to farmers
2003 and was based on values not production
What year was the introduction of greening measures included?
2013
What happened in 2021?
The European Commission presented the legislative proposals on the future of the CAP for the period after 2020
why is Europe stricter than most?
because they overused hormones, now it is banned. Canada gives 6 types of hormones to cattle (seen as safe). Europe is refusing to buy cattle meat from Canada
From 2023 to 2027, the common agricultural policy is based around 10 key objectives…
a)to ensure a fair income for farmers
b) increase competitiveness
c) improve the position of farmers in the food chain (new policy)
d) climate change action
e) environmental care (soil, not polluting the water)
f) preserve landscapes and biodiversity
g) support generational renewal (new policy)
h) vibrant rural areas
i) protect food and health quality (produce safe food and combat anti-microbial resistance and food waste)
j) fostering knowledge and innovation (best practices, research knowledge)
what are the future challenges challenges for the CAP?
CAP and Brexit: (Changing interest-group dynamics
Budgetary implications)
