[CJ] Chapter 2: The Criminal Justice System

Question 1

Investigation

Answer 1

When law enforcement agents seek to obtain evidence that will verify that one or more individuals committed a crime. Criminal activity evidence could come in several different forms.

Question 2

What makes a probable cause/reason to arrest a suspect?

Answer 2

When an officer has a good amount of evidence that will then have a probable cause making them able to arrest the suspect.

Question 3

Probable cause

Answer 3

A reason for a person to believe that the suspect probably committed the crime.

Question 4

Miranda Warnings

Answer 4

The suspect’s right to remain silent and the right to have an attorney; if they cannot afford an attorney, one will be provided from a judge.

Question 5

Adjudication

Answer 5

Adjudication is the determination of whether or not the defendant is guilty.

Question 6

Arraignment

Answer 6

The accused first appearance before a judge. At the appearance, the accused learns of their rights, receives formal notification of the charges against them, and if they cannot pay for a lawyer, one is provided.

Question 7

Bail

Answer 7

For assuring the court that the defendant will show up for future court dates, including if necessary the trial.

Question 8

Releasing the defendant on his own recognizance

Answer 8

Releasing the defendant to go without security is known as releasing the defendant on his own recognizance.

Question 9

misdemeanors

Answer 9

Other offenses not quite as serious as felonies, but nevertheless harmful to society

Question 10

Felonies

Answer 10

Heading the list of serious crimes are those who harm people and/or their property. Society’s most serious offenses.

Question 11

Violations

Answer 11

The least serious infraction (breaking) of the law –other than traffic infractions–

Question 12

Grand jury

Answer 12

Is a group of 23 people whose duty is to hear and examine the prosecutor’s evidence against the accused, and then decide if there is a reasonable cause to believe that the defendant committed a crime.

Question 13

Issue an indictment

Answer 13

A document charging the defendant with the crime.

Question 14

Plea-bargaining

Answer 14

When both sides seek to settle the case without a trial; the defendant agrees to plead guilty in exchange for a reduction of the charges by the prosecution.

Question 15

Jurors

Answer 15

Before the trial begins, the prosecutor and the defense attorney both have an opportunity to select a group of people called the jurors.

Question 16

Burden of proof

Answer 16

It is the prosecutor’s responsibility to prove the the defendant guilty.

Question 17

Opening statement

Answer 17

It summarize what both attorneys plan to prove through the presentation of evidence

Question 18

Direct examination

Answer 18

After the opening statement, each attorney then has an opportunity to present the evidence, which proves the truth of the opening statement. They accomplish this through direct examination of witnesses who testify under oath. The attorney may present evidence to clarify support or few testimony.

Question 18

Cross examination

Answer 18

Both attorneys also have an opportunity to refute or contradict the evidence which the other side has presented attorneys. Most often accomplish this through cross-examination of the opposing side witnesses. The attorney may present evidence to clarify support or few testimony.

Question 19

Closing argument.

Answer 19

It’s summarized is for the jury what the evidence has and has NOT shown.

Question 20

Verdict

Answer 20

A verdict is an unanimous decision made by the jurors. And if the jurors reach a verdict, they re-enter the courtroom and the jury foreperson announces it.

Question 21

Sentencing

Answer 21

Sentencing is when the jury convicts the defendant.

Question 22

Definite

Answer 22

A specific length of time , such as one year

Question 23

Indeterminate

Answer 23

Which means for a minimum in maximum length of time , such as at least one year and no more than five years.

Question 24

Unconditional charge

Answer 24

Meaning the defendant is released