CILIA AND FLAGELLA

Question 1

What are cilia and flagella ?

Answer 1

They are membrane bound extension plasma membrane that helps in the locomotion

Question 2

From do they arises ?

Answer 2

They arise from the basal body \ granule

Question 3

What is the axoneme ?

Answer 3

It has a central core – axoneme surrounded by cytoplasmic sheath

Question 4

What is the arrangement of the axoneme ?

Answer 4

Axoneme has 9+2 arrangement i.e. 9 set of the doublet microtubule in the periphery and 2 microtubule in center.

Question 5

What is the proteins present in the flagella ?

Answer 5

In prokaryotes - Flagellin

In eukaryote - Tubulin

Question 6

By which proteins two microtubule of the adjacent sets are joined ?

Answer 6

They are joined by the Nexin proteins or A-B linker

Question 7

How are the singlet microtubule in the center are joined ?

Answer 7

They are joined by the bridge like structure and are surrounded by the central sheath.

Question 8

How are the peripheral sets connected with center ?

Answer 8

They are connected with central by radial spokes (9)

Question 9

LEARN THE DIAGRAM FROM THE NOTES

Answer 9

DONE :D

Question 10

How do cilia and flagella help in the locomotion ?

Answer 10

Their arms
      gives
Dynein proteins
      which has
ATPase enzyme
       that
Hydrolyses the ATP
       which gives
ATP or release energy
            |
This energy is used by cilia and flagella for locomotion