Chronic Inflammation Flashcards
What is chronic inflammation?
Inflammation of prolonged duration in which active inflammation, tissue destruction and attempts at repair are proceeding simultaneously
When would you see chronic infections?
Acid fast bacilli, fungi, treponemes
Prolonged exposure potentially toxic agents
Autoimmunity
In a persistent infection what types of symptoms would you see?
Low toxicity, delayed hypersensitivity and granulomatous inflammation
What is chronic inflammation characterized by?
Infiltration with monouclear cells
Tissue destruction
Repair including angiogenesis and fibrosis
Macrophages
What are the key macrophage events?
Recruitment from circulation
Local proliferation
Immobilization
Differentiation
What are the different type of location based macrophages and where would you find them?
Microglia - CNS
Kupffter - Liver
Alveolar macrophage - Lung
Osteoclasts - bone
If a pt has pitting edema along with bilateral pleural effusions what would you find in a lab test?
Hypoalbuminemia
looks for tranudate - no inflam- and how osomtic presure changed
What would classify a purulent inflammatory response?
Pus and amassed white cells in the fluid that appears cloudy
Possible pleural effusion
What chemical mediator will be inhibited by aspirin?
Prostaglandin
Edema
Swelling of the tissues caused by fluid build up
Hyperemia
Increase of blood flow to different tissues through vasodilation
Ulcer
An open sore on an external or internal surface of the body, caused by a break in the skin or mucous membrane that fails to heal
Cytokines
Cell signalers
Chemotaxis
Movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus
Diapedesis
The passage of blood cells through the intact walls of the capillaries, typically accompanying inflammation
Emigration
To leave on area for another
Opsonization
Process by which a pathogen is marked for ingestion and destruction by a phagocyte
Transudation
The slow escape of liquids from blood vessels through pores or breaks in the cell membranes
Not inflammed
Exudation
A fluid emitted by an organism through pores or a wound
Inflammed
Chemokines
Small cytokines that induce chemotaxis
Granuloma
Forms of localized nodular inflammation found in tissues
Granulomatous
When a white blood cell attempts to fight an infection but it doesn’t work and so bacteria and fungi are free to grow
Leukocytosis
The leukocyte count above the normal range in the blood
It is frequently a sign of an inflammatory response, generally from infection
Cachexia
The loss of body mass that cannot be reversed nutritionally
“wasting”
