Chpter 18 BOOK Flashcards
What is a virus?
A non-living particle that is composed of nucleic acids enclosed in a protein coat.
What does a host cell do for a virus
Host cells provide an area for the virus to replicate
What is a virus’ structure?
It has an inner core of nucleic acid (storing its genetic material/DNA/RNA) as well as having an outer protein coat
What is a lytic cycle?
When the host cell uses its own enzymes, raw materials, and energy to make copies of viral genes. (And the host explodes)
What is a lysogenic cycle?
When the viruses nucleic acid is integrated into the host cell’s chromosome and the genetic DNA is integrated into the host cell’s chromosome
How are proviruses released?
Either through the bursting of a cell or the active transport process
What are retro viruses?
A retro virus is the RNA virus with the most complex replication cycle
What are prions?
Particles that behave somewhat like viruses and cause infectious diseases that are composed of proteins but no nucleic acids
What are viroid’s?
Particles composed of a single circular strand of RNA with NO PROTEIN COAT that also cause infectious diseases in plants
What are some plant viruses?
There are more than 400 viruses that infect plants and cause disease.
How did viruses originate?
Many assume they originated from an ancestral life form because of their uncomplicated structure
How do Prokaryotes differ from each other?
Why are archaebacteria considered “extremists”?
Why are Eubacteria considered “Heterotrophs”?
Why are Eubacteria considered “the photosynthetic autotrophs”?
