Anatomy (Ch.15) Flashcards
What are homologous structures
Structures that have a common evolutionary origin (Ex: Bones in the forelimbs of mammals)
What are vestigial structures
Structures in present-day organisms that no longer serve their original purpose
What are analogous structures
Structures that are common in function but do NOT share an evolutionary origin
What is cytochrome C
A protein in all respiring organisms that can have different amino aid makeup in different groups of animals
What does embryology study
The earliest stage of growth/ development in animals and plants
Species is a Latin word, meaning……..
Kind or Apperance
What is speciation
When members of similar populations no longer produce a fertile offspring
A polyploidy is a…
Change in chromosome numbers
What is a polyploidy more common in, plants or animals?
Plants
What crops are polyploids
Oats
Cotton
Potatoes
Tobacco
Wheat
How can we study speciation and its speed
Use the fossil record, anatomical information, or molecular data
What is the scientific meaning of species
The ability to interbreed successfully with other population members to produce a fertile offspring
What is a gene pool
The name for all of the possible alleles in one population that an offspring could get
What are two causes for speciation?
-Habitat isolation
-Temporal Isolation
What is habitat isolation
When two species encounter each other rarely due to the fact they occupy different habitats isolated by physical barriers
