CHAPTER 20 Fungi notes pt.2 Flashcards
What type of fungi are Ascomycotes considered
Sac Fungi
What do Ascomycotes grow
Asci
What are the sexual spores inside of Asci called
Ascospores
What do the hyphae of Ascomycotes grow
Conidiophores
What grows from the ti[ps of conidiophores
Coridia
What are important Ascomycotes (3)
- Morels
- Truffles
- Yeasts (Bread, alcohol, genetic research, vaccine production)
What are examples of Basidiomycotes (5)
- Mushrooms
- Puffballs
- Bracket Fungi
- Stinkhorn
- Bird Nest Fungi
What mushroom has been shown to fight cancer
Turkey Tails
What are Deuteromycetes known as
Imperfect Fungi
How many species of Deuteromycetes are there
25,000 (With no known sexual stage of reproduction)
What relationship do Lichens have
A symbiotic
What are the two in the Lichen’s symbiotic relationship
Fungi and Cyanobacterium (Green Algae)
How do the two living things form a symbiotic relationship in Lichens
Specialized fungal hyphae penetrate into photosynthetic symbiont
True or False: Photosynthetic symbiotic can be independent
True
True or False: Fungal symbiont usually CAN grow alone
False; They usually CAN’T grow alone
How many species of Lichens are there
20,000
How many species of Algae form Lichens
20
Where do Lichens often live
Barren rocks, soil, and anywhere nothing else could possibly exist
What do fungi absorb
Water and chemicals from air, soil, or rock
WHY do fungi absorb
For the algae to make simple sugars
What organisms are known as the pioneer organisms
Lichens
What do lichens tell us about the air
If it is clear or clean
What do doctors make from lichen substances
Antibodies
What do lichens make that is useable to plants
Nitrogen
What animals benefit from lichens and why
Spiders, mites, and lice because they are homes for them
True or False: Lichens can live in extreme conditions
True
What relationship does Mycorrhizae have with each other
Mutualistic
True or False: The most recent fossils have been associated with mycorrhizae
False; The earliest fossil plants have it associated with them
What gives plants greater absorptive surfaces
Mycorrhizae
What does mycorrhizae help plants aquire
Minerals and nutrients in soil
What percent of plants have mycorrhizae
90 percent
What does a red-ish root mean (when talking about mycorrhizae)
It’s a larch root
What does a white root mean (when talking about mycorrhizae)
Its a fungal mycorrhizae
What is the trade off that each organism gets in the mycorrhizae mutual relationship
The fungus gets carbon whereas the roots get water and minerals
How much does mycorrhizae extend the volume of soil “explored” by the plant
500-1,000%
