CHAPTER 20 Fungi notes pt.2

Question 1

What type of fungi are Ascomycotes considered

Answer 1

Sac Fungi

Question 2

What do Ascomycotes grow

Answer 2

Asci

Question 3

What are the sexual spores inside of Asci called

Answer 3

Ascospores

Question 4

What do the hyphae of Ascomycotes grow

Answer 4

Conidiophores

Question 5

What grows from the ti[ps of conidiophores

Answer 5

Coridia

Question 6

What are important Ascomycotes (3)

Answer 6

• Morels
• Truffles
• Yeasts (Bread, alcohol, genetic research, vaccine production)

Question 7

What are examples of Basidiomycotes (5)

Answer 7

• Mushrooms
• Puffballs
• Bracket Fungi
• Stinkhorn
• Bird Nest Fungi

Question 8

What mushroom has been shown to fight cancer

Answer 8

Turkey Tails

Question 9

What are Deuteromycetes known as

Answer 9

Imperfect Fungi

Question 10

How many species of Deuteromycetes are there

Answer 10

25,000 (With no known sexual stage of reproduction)

Question 11

What relationship do Lichens have

Answer 11

A symbiotic

Question 12

What are the two in the Lichen’s symbiotic relationship

Answer 12

Fungi and Cyanobacterium (Green Algae)

Question 13

How do the two living things form a symbiotic relationship in Lichens

Answer 13

Specialized fungal hyphae penetrate into photosynthetic symbiont

Question 14

True or False: Photosynthetic symbiotic can be independent

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True or False: Fungal symbiont usually CAN grow alone

Answer 15

False; They usually CAN’T grow alone

Question 16

How many species of Lichens are there

Answer 16

20,000

Question 17

How many species of Algae form Lichens

Answer 17

20

Question 18

Where do Lichens often live

Answer 18

Barren rocks, soil, and anywhere nothing else could possibly exist

Question 19

What do fungi absorb

Answer 19

Water and chemicals from air, soil, or rock

Question 20

WHY do fungi absorb

Answer 20

For the algae to make simple sugars

Question 21

What organisms are known as the pioneer organisms

Answer 21

Lichens

Question 22

What do lichens tell us about the air

Answer 22

If it is clear or clean

Question 23

What do doctors make from lichen substances

Answer 23

Antibodies

Question 24

What do lichens make that is useable to plants

Answer 24

Nitrogen

Question 25

What animals benefit from lichens and why

Answer 25

Spiders, mites, and lice because they are homes for them

Question 26

True or False: Lichens can live in extreme conditions

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What relationship does Mycorrhizae have with each other

Answer 27

Mutualistic

Question 28

True or False: The most recent fossils have been associated with mycorrhizae

Answer 28

False; The earliest fossil plants have it associated with them

Question 29

What gives plants greater absorptive surfaces

Answer 29

Mycorrhizae

Question 30

What does mycorrhizae help plants aquire

Answer 30

Minerals and nutrients in soil

Question 31

What percent of plants have mycorrhizae

Answer 31

90 percent

Question 32

What does a red-ish root mean (when talking about mycorrhizae)

Answer 32

It's a larch root

Question 33

What does a white root mean (when talking about mycorrhizae)

Answer 33

Its a fungal mycorrhizae

Question 34

What is the trade off that each organism gets in the mycorrhizae mutual relationship

Answer 34

The fungus gets carbon whereas the roots get water and minerals

Question 35

How much does mycorrhizae extend the volume of soil "explored" by the plant

Answer 35

500-1,000%