Chp 7 Terms - Race and Ethnicity

Question 1

race

Answer 1

A social construct used to distinguish people in terms of one or more physical markers, usually with profound effects on their lives.

Question 2

ethnic group

Answer 2

Comprises people whose perceived cultural markers are deemed socially significant. Ethnic groups differ from one another in terms of language, religion, customs, values, ancestors, and the like.

Question 3

prejudice

Answer 3

An attitude that judges people on their group’s real or imagined characteristics.

Question 4

discrimination

Answer 4

Unfair treatment of people because of their group membership.

Question 5

scapegoat

Answer 5

A disadvantaged person or category of people whom others blame for their own problems.

Question 6

vertical mosaic

Answer 6

A highly ethnically and racially stratified society.

Question 7

First Nations

Answer 7

Status Indians and non-status Indians.

Question 8

status Indians

Answer 8

Indigenous people who live throughout Canada and are registered as Indians under the Indian Act, most of whom belong to a band that signed a treaty with the Crown.

Question 9

visible minority

Answer 9

A government designation unique to Canada; refers to non-Indigenous people who are “non-Caucasian in race or non-White in colour,” including South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean, and Japanese Canadians.

Question 10

non-status Indians

Answer 10

Indigenous people who live throughout Canada and were once status Indians but lost that status.

Question 11

institutional racism

Answer 11

Bias that is inherent in social institutions and is often not noticed by members of the majority group.

Question 12

symbolic ethnicity

Answer 12

A nostalgic allegiance to the culture of the immigrant generation or that of the old country that is not usually incorporated into everyday behaviour.

Question 13

racism

Answer 13

The belief that a visible characteristic of a group, such as skin colour, indicates group inferiority and justifies discrimination.

Question 14

Inuit

Answer 14

Indigenous Canadians who reside in the country’s northern regions.

Question 15

Métis

Answer 15

Canadians of Indigenous and European (usually French) origin who reside mainly in the western provinces and
Ontario.

Question 16

expulsion

Answer 16

The forcible removal of a population from a territory claimed by another population.

Question 17

internal colonialism

Answer 17

Involves one race or ethnic group subjugating another in the same country. It prevents assimilation by segregating the subordinate group in terms of jobs, housing, and social contacts.

Question 18

colonialism

Answer 18

Involves people from one country invading and taking political, cultural, and economic control over people in another country.

Question 19

genocide

Answer 19

The intentional extermination of an entire population defined as a race or a people.

Question 20

assimilation

Answer 20

The process by which a minority group blends into the majority population and eventually disappears as a distinct people in the larger society.

Question 21

pluralism

Answer 21

The retention of racial and ethnic culture combined with equal access to basic social resources.

Question 22

split labour market

Answer 22

A labour market in which low-wage workers of one race and high-wage workers of another race compete for the same jobs. In that situation, high-wage workers are likely to resent the
presence of low-wage competitors. Conflict is bound to result, and racist attitudes develop or become reinforced.

Question 23

slavery

Answer 23

The ownership and control of people.

Question 24

conquest

Answer 24

The forcible capture of land
and the economic and political domination of its inhabitants.

Question 25

transnational communities

Answer 25

Communities whose boundaries extend between or among countries.