Chp 3 Terms - Socialization Flashcards
role
A set of behaviours expected of a person occupying a particular position in society.
self
A set of ideas and attitudes about who one is as an independent being.
I
According to Mead, the subjective and impulsive aspect of the self that is present from birth.
looking-glass self
Cooley’s term for the way our sense of self depends largely on how we see ourselves evaluated by others.
socialization
The process by which people learn their culture. They do so by (1) entering into and disengaging from a
succession of roles and (2)
becoming aware of themselves as they interact with others.
generalized other
According to Mead, a person’s image of cultural standards and how they apply to him or her.
me
According to Mead, the objective component of the self that emerges as people communicate symbolically and learn to take the role of the other.
significant others
People who play important roles in the early socialization experiences of children.
secondary socialization
Socialization outside the family after childhood.
primary socialization
The process of acquiring during childhood the basic skills needed to function in society. Primary socialization usually takes place in the
family.
Thomas theorem
“Situations we define as real become real in their consequences.”
peer groups
A person’s peer group comprises people who are about the same age and of similar status as that person.
The peer group acts as an agent of socialization.
status
A recognized social position that an individual can occupy.
self-fulfilling prophecy
An expectation that helps bring about what it predicts.
hidden curriculum
Teaches students what will be expected of them as conventionally good citizens once they leave school.
resocialization
What occurs when powerful socializing agents deliberately cause rapid change in a person’s values, roles, and self-conception, sometimes against that person’s will.
anticipatory socialization
Learning the norms and behaviours of the roles to which one aspires.
initiation rite
A ritual that signifies the transition of the individual from one group to another and helps to ensure the person’s loyalty to the new group.
virtual communities
An association of people, scattered across the city or around the world, who communicate via computer about a subject of common interest.
total institutions
Settings in which people are isolated from the larger society and under the strict control and constant supervision of a specialized staff.
gender roles
The behaviours associated with widely shared expectations about how males and females are supposed to act.
