Chp. 3 Behaviorism

Question 1

Students do not know when a reinforcer is coming, but know that if they continue to do their work, they will eventually be rewarded. The students are being reinforced on what type of schedule?

Answer 1

variable ratio

Question 2

You finally clean your room in order to get your mother to stop pestering you. Your behavior is being influenced by:

Answer 2

Negative reinforcement

Question 3

While driving down Gray Road, Kelly saw someone receiving a speeding ticket and she instinctively hit the brakes. After that, Kelly would tap on the breaks every time she passed that spot on Gray Road. Tapping the breaks would be:

Answer 3

A conditioned response

Question 4

The essential difference between negative reinforcement and negative punishment is that:

Answer 4

Punishment decreases the behavior while negative reinforcement increases it

Question 5

Katy has not done well on her spelling tests in the past. In fact, spelling is the only subject that Katy has ever failed. When Katy’s third-grade teacher announces that the class will be having a spelling test after lunch, Katy becomes very anxious and begins to feel sick. What is this situation best illustrating?

Answer 5

Classical conditioning, with spelling tests being the CS

Question 6

When Mr. Conrad’s high school students asked him to allow them to get into their groups and talk about the upcoming field trip rather than discussing the chapter, Mr. Conrad said, “I’m going to invoke the Premack principle.” What did he most likely do?
Correct!

Answer 6

Tell students they must discuss the chapter first and then get into groups to talk about the field trip.

Question 7

Operant conditioning differs from classical conditioning by

Answer 7

focusing on the consequences of voluntary behavior.

Question 8

Derek is conducting research with chimpanzees and realizes that when the chimps’ behaviors lead to some sort of satisfaction, they repeat those behaviors. Derek’s observations are most consistent with

Answer 8

the law of effect.

Question 9

Katie is afraid of clowns. She has been trying to overcome this fear by getting into a relaxed state and then looking at pictures of clowns. After months of this exposure, she is no longer afraid when she sees a clowns. Katie has been using ____________ to overcome her fear.

Answer 9

systematic desensitization

Question 10

Last year, Martina was in love with Robert, but they eventually broke up. Today in the mall, Martina smells someone wearing the same cologne that Robert always wore. She is immediately filled with positive feelings, which is most likely due to
shaping.

Answer 10

spontaneous recovery.