Chapter 11 Social Cognitive Views of Learning and Motivation

Question 1

Triadic reciprocal causality is a dynamic interplay among what three kinds of influences?

Answer 1

personal, environmental, and behavioral

Question 2

Theory that emphasizes learning through observation of others

Answer 2

Social Learning Theory

Question 3

Changes in behavior, thinking, or emotions that happen through observing another person

Answer 3

Modeling

Question 4

Theory that adds concern with cognitive factors such as beliefs, self-perceptions, and expectations to social learning theory

Answer 4

Social Cognitive Theory

Question 5

Triadic Reciprocal Causality

Answer 5

An explanation of behavior that emphasizes the mutual e

Question 6

What are the two key elements of social cognitive theory

Answer 6

observational learning and self-efficacy

Question 7

What are the factors related to how people learn from models

Answer 7

goal, consequences, and expectations

Question 8

What are the four elements of observational learning essential to learn new behavior or refine current abilities

Answer 8

paying attention, retaining information or impressions, producing behaviors, and being motivated to repeat behaviors

Question 9

Reinforcement given after successful completion of a task

Answer 9

Direct reinforcement

Question 10

Increasing the chances that we will repeat a behavior by observing another person being reinforces for that behavior

Answer 10

Vicarious reinforcement

Question 11

Controlling (selecting and administering) your own reinforcers

Answer 11

Self-reinforcement

Question 12

Ripple Effect

Answer 12

“contagious” spreading of behaviors through imitation

Question 13

The capacity to coordinate learning skills, motivation, and emotions to reach your goals

Answer 13

Human agency

Question 14

A person’s sense of being able to deal effectively with a particular task. Beliefs about personal competence in a particular situation

Answer 14

Self-efficacy

Question 15

Our own direct experiences-the most powerful source of efficacy information

Answer 15

Mastery experiences

Question 16

Vicarious experiences

Answer 16

Accomplishments that are modeled by someone else

Question 17

A “pep talk” or specific performance feedback-one source of self-efficacy

Answer 17

Social persuasion

Question 18

Physical and psychological reactions causing a person to feel alert, attentive, wide awake, excited, or tense

Answer 18

Physiological or emotional arousal

Question 19

Self-efficacy influences what through goal setting

Answer 19

motivation and performance

Question 20

Process of activating and sustaining thoughts, behaviors, and emotions in order to reach goals

Answer 20

Self-regulation

Question 21

A view of learning as skills and will applied to analyzing learning tasks, setting goals and planning how to do the task, applying skills, and especially making adjustments about how learning is carried out

Answer 21

Self-regulated learning

Question 22

What three factors influence skill and will

Answer 22

knowledge, motivation, and self-discipline

Question 23

Will power; self-discipline; work styles that protect opportunities to reach goals by applying self-regulated learning

Answer 23

Volition

Question 24

A personality trait characterized by determination and persistence

Answer 24

Grit

Question 25

A transitional phase during which students gradually appropriate self-regulated learning and skill through modeling, direct teaching, feedback, and coaching from teachers, parents, and peers

Answer 25

Co-regulation

Question 26

Students and teachers working together to regulate each other through reminders, prompts, and other guidance

Answer 26

Shared regulation

Question 27

What three key executive functions underlie successful self-regulation

Answer 27

Inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility

Question 28

Zimmerman’s self-regulation involves a three phase cycle of what

Answer 28

Forethought, performance, and self-reflection

Question 29

Procedures based on both behavioral and cognitive learning principles for changing your own behavior by using self-talk and self-instruction

Answer 29

Cognitive behavior modification

Question 30

Self-Instruction

Answer 30

Talking oneself through the steps of a task

Question 31

Brenda Mannin and Beverly Payne list four skills that can increase student learning

Answer 31

listening, planning, working, and checking

Question 32

According to the Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning (CASEL) what are the five core social, emotional, and competencies skills of emotional intelligence

Answer 32

Self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, and responsible decision making