Chapter 5 Language Development, Language Diversity, & Immigrant Education Flashcards
Language Development and Diveristy, and Immigrant Education
To apply rules of syntax or grammar in situations where the rule does not apply for ex. “the bike is broked” is called what?
Overregularize
Syntax
Order of words in phrases or sentences
The appropriate use of language to communicate in social situations
Pragmatics
Examples of pragmatics
how to enter a conversation, tell a joke, interrupt, keep a conversation going, or adjusting the language for the listener
Someone who has an understanding of language and how it works has what?
Metalinguistic Awareness
Early knowledge and skills related to reading are called what?
Emergent Literacy
What are the two categories of skills that are important for later reading
Category 1: understand sounds and codes such as knowing letters have names, that sounds are associated with letters, and that words are made up of sounds
Category 2: Oral language abilities such as the size of expressive and receptive vocabulary, knowledge of syntax, and the ability to understand and tell stories
Being able to say the sentence from the print page depends on knowing the letters, sounds, and links between letters and sounds requires what skill?
Inside-Out Skill
Children’s understanding of information outside of the particular printed words they are trying to read requires what skill?
Outside-In Skill
What are the components of outside-in skills?
Language, narrative, conventions of print, and emergent reading
What are the components of inside-out skills?
Knowledge of graphemes, phonological awareness, syntactic awareness, phoneme-grapheme correspondence, emergent writing
What other factors does emergent literacy depend on?
short-term memory for sounds and sequences, the ability to recognize and name lists of letters, and interest
William grew up in a house where his parents spoke English and French. William is fluent in both languages and can read and write in both languages too. William would be considered what?
Bilingual
Speaking only one language
Monolingual
What is the period called where if learning doesn’t happen it never will?
Critical Period
The period where we are especially responsive to learning is called what?
Sensitive Period
Heritage Language
The language spoken in the student’s home or by members of the family
Adding a second language capability without losing your heritage language
Balanced bilingualism
Academic language is the entire range of language used in elementary, secondary, and university-level schools which includes what?
words, concepts, strategies, and processes from academic subjects
Dialect
A language rule system used by a particular group
Moving between two speech forms (for example: formal to informal communication)
Code Switching
Genderlects
Different ways of talking for males and females
Iris decided to leave her country of Columbia to move to the United States she is working toward becoming a permanent resident of the US. Iris is considered to be an?
Immigrant
During the Vietnam War residents left the country to flee from the danger. When they left they became what?
Refugees
The idea that immigrants are expected to assimilate to enter the culture and become like those who had arrived earlier is called what?
Melting Pot
A model that explains the school achievement problems of ethnic minority students by assuming that their culture is inadequate and does not prepare them to succeed in school
Cultrual Deficit model
Rose grew up speaking Spanish and is now learning English. Rose is considered to be an _____________ student?
English Language Learner (ELL)
What are the four general profiles of students who are ELLs in today’s classrooms?
Balanced bilinguals, Monolingual/literate students, Monolingual/preliterate students, Limited bilingual
These students are literate in their native language but speak limited English
Monolingual/literate
These students are not literate. They may not read or write in their native language or they may have very limited literacy skills
Monolingual/preliterate
These students can converse well in both languages, but for some reason, they have trouble learning academically
Limited bilingual
Students whose characteristics, educational experiences, and language fluencies are somewhere in between those of students born in the United States and students who are recent immigrants
Generation 1.5
The knowledge that families and community members have acquired in many areas of work, home, and religious life can become the basis of teaching
Funds of Knowledge
LEP
Limited English Proficient is an unused term for ELLs
English as a Second Language (ESL)
The classes devoted to teaching English to students who are English language learners
An environment that teaches English rapidly by maximizing instruction
Structured English Immersion (SEI)
Lucy inadequately speaks English and French and is not proficient in either language. Lucy is considered to be a _______________?
Semilingual
Instruction that teaches content to ELL students by putting the words and concepts of the content into context to make the content more understandable
Sheltered Instruction
What are the eight key elements of good sheltered instruction?
Preparation, building background, comprehensible input, strategies, interaction, practice and application, lesson delivery, and review and assessment
