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Educational Psychology > Chapter 7 Behavioral Views of Learning > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Behavioral Views of Learning Flashcards

Behavioral Views of Learning

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1
Q

The process through which experience causes a permanent change in knowledge or behavior

A

Learning

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2
Q

Explanations of learning that focus on external events as the cause of changes in observable behaviors

A

Behavioral Learning Theories

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3
Q

The teaching and therapy approaches based on behavioral views of learning is what?

A

Applied Behavior Analysis

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4
Q

The teachers says South_________ the class replies Dakota. The students are demonstrating what concept?

A

Contiguity

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5
Q

Event that activates behavior

A

Stimulus

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6
Q

Observable reaction to a stimulus

A

Response

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7
Q

Association of two events because of repeated pairing

A

Contiguity

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8
Q

Association of automatic responses with new stimuli

A

Classical Conditioning

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9
Q

Responses (generally automatic or involuntary) elicited by specific stimuli

A

Respondents

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10
Q

Stimulus not connected to a response

A

Neutral Stimulus

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11
Q

Stimulus that automatically produces an emotional or physiological response

A

Unconditioned Stimulus (US)

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12
Q

Naturally occurring emotional or physiological response

A

Unconditioned Response (UR)

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13
Q

Stimulus that evokes an emotional or physiological response after conditioning

A

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

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14
Q

Learned response to a previously neutral stimulus

A

Conditioned Response (CR)

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15
Q

Voluntary (and generally goal-directed) behaviors emitted by a person or an animal

A

Operants

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16
Q

Learning in which voluntary behavior is strengthened or weakened by consequences or antecedents

A

Operant Conditioning

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17
Q

A word for what people do in a particular situation

A

Behavior

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18
Q

Events that precede an action

A

Antecedents

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19
Q

Events that follow an action

A

Consequences

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20
Q

Use of consequences to strengthen behavior

A

Reinforcement

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21
Q

Any event that follows a behavior and increases the chances that the behavior will occur again

A

Reinforcer

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22
Q

Strengthening behavior by presenting a desired stimulus after the behavior

A

Positive Reinforcement

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23
Q

Strengthening behavior by removing an aversive stimulus when the behavior occurs

A

Negative Reinforcement

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24
Q

Process that weakens or suppresses behavior

A

Punishment

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25
Q

Decreasing the chances that a behavior will occur again by presenting an aversive stimulus following the behavior, also called Type I punishment

A

Presentation Punishment

26
Q

Decreasing the chances that a behavior will occur again by removing a pleasant stimulus following the behavior, also called Type II punishment

A

Removal Punishment

27
Q

Reinforcers reduce what?

A

Tension

28
Q

Presenting a reinforcer after every appropriate response

A

Continuous Reinforcement Schedule

29
Q

Presenting a reinforcer after some but not all responses

A

Intermittent Reinforcement Schedule

30
Q

Length of time between reinforcers

A

Interval Schedule

31
Q

Reinforcement based on the number of responses between reinforcers

A

Ratio Schedule

32
Q

Extinction

A

The disappearance of a learned response

33
Q

Capacity for the presence or absence of antecedents to cause behaviors

A

Stimulus Control

34
Q

Instructions that are concise, clear, and specific, and that communicate an expected result. Statements work better than questions

A

Effective Instruction Delivery (EID)

35
Q

Providing a stimulus that “sets up” a desired behavior

A

Cueing

36
Q

The application of behavioral learning principles to understand and change behavior

A

Applied Behavior Analysis

37
Q

The principle states that a more preferred activity can serve as a reinforcer for a less preferred activity

A

Premack Principle

38
Q

Clean your room and then we can go get ice cream is an example of what principle

A

Premack Principle

39
Q

Reinforcing each small step of progress toward a desired goal or behavior. It’s reinforcing progress instead of waiting for perfection

A

Shaping

40
Q

Reinforcing small steps to reach a goal; the small component steps that make up a complex behavior

A

Successive approximations

41
Q

System for breaking down a task hierarchically into basic skills and subskills

A

Task Analysis

42
Q

Practicing correct responses immediately after errors

A

Positive Practice

43
Q

Practice make ________________

A

Permanent

44
Q

A contract between the teacher and a student specifying what the student must do to earn a particular reward or privilege

A

Contingency Contract

45
Q

A system in which tokens earned for academic work and positive classroom behavior can be exchanged for some desired reward

A

Token Reinforcement System

46
Q

What system should only be used in three situations 1) to motivate students who are completely uninterested in their work 2) to encourage students who have consistently failed to make academic progress 3) to deal with a class that is out of control

A

Token Reinforcement System

47
Q

Arrangement where a class is divided into teams and each team receives demerit points for breaking agreed-upon rules of good behavior

A

Good Behavior Game

48
Q

Rewards or punishments given to a class as a whole for adhering to or violating rules of conduct

A

Group Consequences

49
Q

Reprimands

A

Criticisms for misbehavior; rebukes

50
Q

Response Cost

A

Punishment by loss of reinforcers

51
Q

Removal of a disruptive student for 5 to 10 minutes

A

Social Isolation

52
Q

Technically, the removal of all reinforcement. In practice, the isolation of a student from the rest of the class for a brief time

A

Time Out

53
Q

Procedures used to obtain information about antecedents, behaviors, and consequences to determine the reason or function of the behavior

A

Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA)

54
Q

Interventions designed to replace problem behaviors with new actions that serve the same purpose for the student

A

Positive Behavior Supports (PBS)

55
Q

A-B-C

A

Antecedents-Behavior-Consequences

56
Q

Management of your behavior and acceptance of responsibility for your actions. Also the use of behavioral learning principles to change your behavior

A

Self-Management

57
Q

Controlling (selecting and administering) your reinforcers

A

Self-Reinforcement

58
Q

Theory that emphasized learning through observation of others

A

Social Learning Theory

59
Q

Learning by doing and experiencing the consequences of your actions

A

Enactive Learning

60
Q

Learning by observation and imitation of others-vicarious learning

A

Observational Learning

Educational Psychology (26 decks)

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