Chapter 3 The Self, Social, & Moral Development

Question 1

Stage of development whereing children realize that people make rules and people change rules

Answer 1

Morality of Cooperation

Question 2

Stage of development where in children see rules as absolute

Answer 2

Moral Realism

Question 3

Understanding that others have different feelings and experiences

Answer 3

Perspective-taking ability

Question 4

The process of developing a black identity

Answer 4

Nigrescence

Question 5

Individuals’ knowledge and beliefs about themselves

Answer 5

Self-Concept

Question 6

An understanding that other people are people too with their own thoughts, feelings, etc.

Answer 6

Theory of Mind

Question 7

The value each of us places on our own characteristics, abilities, and behaviors

Answer 7

Self-Esteem

Question 8

Identity Crisis; suspension of choices because of struggle

Answer 8

Moratorium

Question 9

Uncenteredness; confusion about who one is and what one wants

Answer 9

Identity Diffusion

Question 10

Strong sense of commitment to life choices after free consideration of alternatives

Answer 10

Identity Achievement

Question 11

Acceptance of parental life choices without consideration of options

Answer 11

Identity Foreclosure

Question 12

Theory of Identity Statuses: Individuals’ choices usually as a consequence of exploring the options

Answer 12

Commitment

Question 13

Eagerness to engage in productive work

Answer 13

Industry

Question 14

Theory of Identity Statuses: The process by which adolescents consider and try out alternative beliefs, values, and behaviors in an effort to determine which one will give them the most satisfaction

Answer 14

Exploration

Question 15

Erikson’s 8th Stage of Development

Answer 15

Ego Integrity vs. Despair
The culminations is a sense of acceptance of oneself and a sense of fulfillment (late adulthood)

Question 16

Erikson’s 7th Stage of Development

Answer 16

Generativity vs. Stagnation
Each adult must find some way to satisfy and support the next generation (middle adulthood)

Question 17

Erikson’s 6th Stage of Development

Answer 17

Intimacy vs. Isolation
The young adult must develop intimate relationships or suffer feelings of isolation (young adulthood)

Question 18

Erikson’s 5th Stage of Development

Answer 18

Identity vs. Role Confusion
The teenage must achieve identity in occupation, gender roles, politics, and religion (adolescence)

Question 19

Erikson’s 4th Stage of Development

Answer 19

Industry vs. Inferiority
The child must deal with the demands to learn new skills or risk a sense of failure (6 to 12 years)

Question 20

Erikson’s 3rd Stage of Development

Answer 20

Initiative vs. Guilt
Adds to autonomy the quality of undertaking, planning, and attacking a task for the sake of being active and on the move
(3 to 6 years)

Question 21

Erikson’s 2nd Stage of Development

Answer 21

Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt
The beginning of self-control and self-confidence as children begin to assume responsibilities for self-care (18 months to 3 years)

Question 22

Erikson’s 1st Stage of Development

Answer 22

Trust vs. Mistrust
The infant must form a first loving, trusting relationship with the caregiver or develop a sense of mistrust (birth to 12-18 months)

Question 23

Agreed upon rules and ways of doing things in a particular situation

Answer 23

Social Conventions

Question 24

Activities, roles, and relationships that the individual experiences in face to face settings: family, teachers, play at school

Answer 24

Microsystem

Question 25

Internal and external circumstances that interact with the individual’s thoughts, feelings, and actions to shape development

Answer 25

Context

Question 26

Set of interactions and relationships among all the elements of the microsystem: parent/teacher/child relationship

Answer 26

Mesosystem

Question 27

Bronfenbrenner: Social and cultrual contexts that shape development: microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and chronosystem

Answer 27

Bioecological Model

Question 28

Uncontrolled eating of large quantities of food

Answer 28

Binge Eating

Question 29

Eating disorder characterized by very limited food intake

Answer 29

Anorexia Nervosa

Question 30

Eating disorder characterized by overeating then getting rid of food by self induced vomiting or laxatives

Answer 30

Bulimia

Question 31

The physiological changes during adolescence that lead to the ability to reproduce

Answer 31

Puberty

Question 32

Erikson: Describing the relation of the individual’s emotional needs to the social environment

Answer 32

Psychosocial

Question 33

Independence

Answer 33

Autonomy

Question 34

The complex answer to the question “who am I”

Answer 34

Identity

Question 35

A specific conflict whose resolution prepares way for the next stage

Answer 35

Developmental Crisis

Question 36

Willingness to begin new activities and explore new directions

Answer 36

Initiative