Chapter 3 The Self, Social, & Moral Development Flashcards
Stage of development whereing children realize that people make rules and people change rules
Morality of Cooperation
Stage of development where in children see rules as absolute
Moral Realism
Understanding that others have different feelings and experiences
Perspective-taking ability
The process of developing a black identity
Nigrescence
Individuals’ knowledge and beliefs about themselves
Self-Concept
An understanding that other people are people too with their own thoughts, feelings, etc.
Theory of Mind
The value each of us places on our own characteristics, abilities, and behaviors
Self-Esteem
Identity Crisis; suspension of choices because of struggle
Moratorium
Uncenteredness; confusion about who one is and what one wants
Identity Diffusion
Strong sense of commitment to life choices after free consideration of alternatives
Identity Achievement
Acceptance of parental life choices without consideration of options
Identity Foreclosure
Theory of Identity Statuses: Individuals’ choices usually as a consequence of exploring the options
Commitment
Eagerness to engage in productive work
Industry
Theory of Identity Statuses: The process by which adolescents consider and try out alternative beliefs, values, and behaviors in an effort to determine which one will give them the most satisfaction
Exploration
Erikson’s 8th Stage of Development
Ego Integrity vs. Despair
The culminations is a sense of acceptance of oneself and a sense of fulfillment (late adulthood)
Erikson’s 7th Stage of Development
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Each adult must find some way to satisfy and support the next generation (middle adulthood)
Erikson’s 6th Stage of Development
Intimacy vs. Isolation
The young adult must develop intimate relationships or suffer feelings of isolation (young adulthood)
Erikson’s 5th Stage of Development
Identity vs. Role Confusion
The teenage must achieve identity in occupation, gender roles, politics, and religion (adolescence)
Erikson’s 4th Stage of Development
Industry vs. Inferiority
The child must deal with the demands to learn new skills or risk a sense of failure (6 to 12 years)
Erikson’s 3rd Stage of Development
Initiative vs. Guilt
Adds to autonomy the quality of undertaking, planning, and attacking a task for the sake of being active and on the move
(3 to 6 years)
Erikson’s 2nd Stage of Development
Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt
The beginning of self-control and self-confidence as children begin to assume responsibilities for self-care (18 months to 3 years)
Erikson’s 1st Stage of Development
Trust vs. Mistrust
The infant must form a first loving, trusting relationship with the caregiver or develop a sense of mistrust (birth to 12-18 months)
Agreed upon rules and ways of doing things in a particular situation
Social Conventions
Activities, roles, and relationships that the individual experiences in face to face settings: family, teachers, play at school
Microsystem
Internal and external circumstances that interact with the individual’s thoughts, feelings, and actions to shape development
Context
Set of interactions and relationships among all the elements of the microsystem: parent/teacher/child relationship
Mesosystem
Bronfenbrenner: Social and cultrual contexts that shape development: microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and chronosystem
Bioecological Model
Uncontrolled eating of large quantities of food
Binge Eating
Eating disorder characterized by very limited food intake
Anorexia Nervosa
Eating disorder characterized by overeating then getting rid of food by self induced vomiting or laxatives
Bulimia
The physiological changes during adolescence that lead to the ability to reproduce
Puberty
Erikson: Describing the relation of the individual’s emotional needs to the social environment
Psychosocial
Independence
Autonomy
The complex answer to the question “who am I”
Identity
A specific conflict whose resolution prepares way for the next stage
Developmental Crisis
Willingness to begin new activities and explore new directions
Initiative
