CHORNIC disorders We Have To Learn Flashcards
CHD
What are 4 main symptoms of CHD
Heart pulpations - irregular and rapid heart rate which my feel like fluttering or pounding on the chest
Chest pain - feeling of pressure tightness, squeezing of chest especially during physical activity and stress, pain can migrate to the arms neck back and jaw
Nausea and tiredness - especially during physical activity
Swelling in arms legs and feet- fluid built up in these areas due to the inability to pump blood efficiently
Why does CHD happen
- CHD happens because of the buildup in placque ( a mixture of cholesterol, fatty deposits and calcium) inside the cononary arteries which blocks blood blood flow up heart
How can CHD affect bodily systems
Immune system- CHD can weaken immune response, especially in older adults as the are more susceptible to infections including skin injections and respiratory infections
Neverous system - long term oxygen deprivation due to Chd can lead to COGNITVE impairments and memory loos
Respitory system
- fluid build up in the lines make it diffusion break
Dehydration
Symptoms of dehydration
- dry mouth thirst - you may become more thirty, lips might become crusty and turn different colours
Dark urine
Become very dark yellow, and pee less frequently
Dry skin
Skin could potentially loose its elecatisity and feel dry to the touch
Fatigue and weakness
Feeling tired and unable to do things because of lack of energy
Why does this dysfunction happen
We loose more fluid then we take in
- hot environmental conditions
- not drinking enough water
- chronic diseases such as kidney disease and uncontrolled diabetes
What other bodily systems are affected?
Uniary system
- as this could increase the risk of kidney stones because of the built up minerals in urine, damage to kidneys leading to kidney failure
Musclar system
Loss of water can cause loss of electrolytes ( potassium, sodium and calcium) which are essential for muscle contractions, this can cause muscle cramps
Hypothermia
Symptoms
Shivering - body’s way of regenerating heat
Slurred speech - difficultly in speaking due to it being cold
COGNITVE ability - COGNITVE ability may reduce due to the temperature drop
Fatigue - feeling fatigue which may lead to unconscious
Why does hypothermia happen
Hypothermia happens when body looses heat more than it can produce it, and if body heat drops below 35
What other bodily systems may this affect
Respiratory system - shallow breathing, reducing oxygen intake which could lead to respiratory failure and weakened respiratory muscles
Cardiovascular-As body temperature drops, the heart rate and blood pressure decrease. Hypothermia can lead to abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias), such as ventricular fibrillation, which can be fatal. Severe hypothermia may stop the heart entirely (cardiac arrest).
Muskeltal system -
Hypothermia causes muscles to stiffen and shiver in an attempt to generate heat. Prolonged exposure leads to loss of muscle coordination, fatigue, and muscle rigidity.
stroke
4 common syptoms
sudden weakness in arm face or - blood flows to certain parts of the brain which could result in the motor control being blocked which controls facial movements , for example if left side of brain is effected then right side of body is impacted
Sudden confusion, trouble speaking understanding sppech – difficulity speaking, hard to understand, if stroke occues in left hemisophere in the brain which controls lanuage and communication for most people may find it difficult to form sentences
Trouble seeing from both eyes- sudden bluriness, double vision or complete blured visson, if stroke effects the occuptial lobe or nereves that connect the brain to the eys
sudden serve headaches
Some strokes, especially hemorrhagic strokes (caused by a ruptured blood vessel in the brain), can lead to a sudden, intense headache. The pain may come on rapidly and feel different from a typical headache.–A sudden increase in pressure inside the skull due to bleeding in or around the brain can result in this severe headache.
Why does this disfunction happen
when blood flow is reduced intrutting and depriving brain tissue from oxygen and nutrients. within minutes braain cells can die resulting in symptoms
bodily systems
nervous sytem
Since a stroke damages brain cells, the most immediate effect is on the nervous system. The brain and spinal cord, which make up the central nervous system, control motor functions, sensation, and communication between different body parts.
musclar system
Musclar system
Strokes that affect the brain’s motor cortex can cause muscle weakness, stiffness, or loss of voluntary control, leading to muscle atrophy over time. , muscle fatigue
urinary Incontinence: Loss of bladder control can occur after a stroke, leading to involuntary leakage of urine.
uniary retention- difficulty emptyong blaffer, UTI
Anemia
pale or yellow skin ( jaundice)- a noticeable paleness in lower eyelids and nails, occurs due to reduce red blood cell count- when RBC are destroyed faster than liver is processed then bilirubin(def) builds up in bloodstream causing a yellow tint
Fatigue or tired - because ur body lack oxygen- as RBC carry oxygen in hemglobin
Shortness of breath - especially during physical exercise bc body lacks oxygen
Irrelgular heartbeat, pulptations - work harder to pump blood less amount of oxygen reaches tissues as hemoglobin in RBC carry’s oxygen from the lungs to rest of body, so heart beats faster to compensate for the reduce oxygen
Why does this dysfunction happens
This happens when there is not enough healthy blood cells, hemogoblin to carry any oxygen from lungs to rest of body
- blood loss- surgery , childbirth or heavy periods
What body systems can this affect
Cardiovascular system- work harder to pump oxygenated blood which can cause tachcardia and heart failure, can even cause enlargement of the heart
Musoskeltal system- inequeate oxygen to muscles may feel weak and fatigue muscle cramps and aches
Immune system - immune system can be reduced to to lack of oxygen as lymoctyes rely on oxygen from RBC to fight infections
